106602-80-6 Usage
Description
OTTOFUELII, also known as Otto Fuel II (OFII), is a monopropellant developed by Dr. Otto Reitlinger and introduced by the United States Navy in the mid-1960s. It is a reddish-orange, oily liquid with a distinct odor, consisting of a mixture of three chemicals: propylene glycol dinitrate (76%), dibutyl sebacate (22%), and 2-nitrodiphenylamine (1.5%). OFII has been primarily used as a torpedo propellant due to its ability to combust in the absence of oxygen, which has increased the speed and range of torpedoes. Despite being in operation for over 50 years, it remains a premier torpedo propellant.
Uses
Used in Military Applications:
OTTOFUELII is used as a propellant for torpedoes and other weapon systems, enhancing their speed and range.
Used in Chemical Industry:
Propylene glycol dinitrate, the largest component of OFII, is used as an explosive and is a nitrated ester that constitutes the explosive portion of the mixture.
Used in Plastics Production:
Dibutyl sebacate, a significant fraction of OFII, is used in the production of plastics, including those used for packaging food.
Used in Food Industry:
Dibutyl sebacate is also used as a flavor enhancer in the food industry, specifically in nonalcoholic beverages, ice creams, candies, and baked goods.
Used in Cosmetics:
Dibutyl sebacate serves as a lubricant in shaving creams, contributing to the smoothness and comfort of the shaving experience.
Used in Stabilization:
2-Nitrodiphenylamine, the final component of OFII, acts as a stabilizer to control the explosion of propylene glycol dinitrate and is also used as a solvent dye.
Safety Profile
Experimental reproductive effects. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors.
Environmental Fate
OFII enters the environment as its three separate chemical
components, with each partitioning into the environment at
rates dependent on their individual chemical and physical
properties. OFII has a relatively low vapor pressure indicating
that little evaporation occurs. OFII is mainly released in water
in waste streams from facilities involved in production or
torpedo rework operations. Limited data on the environmental
fate of OFII indicate that propylene glycol dinitrate is removed
from the water by volatilization, and neither 2-nitrodiphenylamine
nor dibutyl sebacate is volatile or soluble enough for the
partitioning to air or water to be significant fate processes.2-Nitrodiphenylamine tends to precipitate and has been
detected in river sediments receiving wastewater runoff; this is
considered its most likely fate. Data on biodegradation of
propylene glycol dinitrate and 2-nitrodiphenylamine are
mixed. Some studies indicate that these compounds may
biodegrade while other experiments indicate that these
components are largely recalcitrant to degradation. Dibutyl
sebacate is rapidly biodegraded by a variety of microorganisms.
Propylene glycol dinitrate and 2-nitrodiphenylamine are
photolyzed and photooxidized in water and it is likely that
these substances are similarly broken down in the air.A bioaccumulation factor has been estimated only for
2-nitrodiphenylamine and indicates that it does not bioconcentrate
in aquatic organisms or biomagnify in the food
chain. More information on the bioconcentration potential of these chemicals, including experimental data, is necessary to
assess the biomagnification risk in the food chain.
Toxicity evaluation
The mechanism of toxicity for OFII is associated with its major
component, propylene glycol dinitrate. Propylene glycol dinitrate
is an organic nitrate and therefore shares the vasodilating
capacity of therapeutic nitrates, such as nitroglycerin used for
treatment of angina pectoris. Organic nitrates cause peripheral vasodilation, decreased ventricular ejection time, relaxation,
and a longer period of coronary blood flow.An early consequence of overexposure to propylene glycol
dinitrate (or OFII) is the vasodilation of the cerebral vessels,
which is considered the major contributor in the development
of the typical trinitrotoluene headache. In cases of more severe
overexposure, relaxation of the vascular smooth muscle can
cause a decrease in blood pressure followed by a compensatory
vasoconstriction. The magnitude of the vasodilating effect has
been shown to decrease following repeated exposure to organic
nitrates. While the mechanism for organic nitrate tolerance is
not understood, possibilities include the depletion of sulfhydryl
groups at the receptor sites, reduced availability or activity
of the active intermediate S-nitrosothiol, and alterations in the
pharmacokinetics leading to decreased nitrate concentrations
in vascular tissues. Extreme overexposure to propylene glycol
dinitrate can produce toxic levels of methemoglobin, a property
shared by many organic and inorganic nitrates and also by
aromatic amines, including 2-nitrodiphenylamine. This effect
is significant given that methemoglobin is unable to reversibly
combine with oxygen and carbon dioxide and causes a shift in
the oxygen dissociation curve toward increased oxygen affinity,
inhibiting oxygen transfer from the blood to the tissues. The
mechanism of dibutyl sebacate toxicity is unknown.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 106602-80-6 includes 9 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 6 digits, 1,0,6,6,0 and 2 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 8 and 0 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 106602-80:
(8*1)+(7*0)+(6*6)+(5*6)+(4*0)+(3*2)+(2*8)+(1*0)=96
96 % 10 = 6
So 106602-80-6 is a valid CAS Registry Number.