1195-44-4Relevant articles and documents
Russel,Williams
, p. 2357,2359 (1964)
O-alkylation of N-phenylhydroxylamine in dimethyl sulfoxide with methylarenesulfonates
Fountain,White, Robert D.,Patel, Kamlesh D.,New, Dallas G.,Xu, YuBo,Cassely, Aaron J.
, p. 9434 - 9436 (1996)
The methylation of N-phenylhydroxylamine (NPHA) with methylarenesulfonates in DMSO gives alkylation of the O atom in contrast to methylation in methanol where N alkylation occurs. The Hammett p values indicate that alkylations with N-methylanilines and NPHAs both involve the N atom. The NPHAs show "nominal α-effects" but involve comparison of N atoms with O atoms. The reactivity of the principle component, the zwitterion I, is examined with leaving group studies and comparison with benzyl alkoxide reactivity.
Cobalt-Catalysed Reductive Etherification Using Phosphine Oxide Promoters under Hydroformylation Conditions
Beller, Matthias,Delolo, Fábio G.,Fessler, Johannes,Gusevskaya, Elena V.,Junge, Kathrin,Neumann, Helfried,dos Santos, Eduardo N.
supporting information, (2022/02/19)
A phosphine-oxide-promoted, cobalt-catalysed reductive etherification using syngas as a reductant is reported. This novel methodology was successfully used to prepare a broad range of unsymmetrical ethers from various aldehydes and alcohols containing diverse functional groups, and was scaled-up to multigram scale under comparably mild conditions. Mechanistic experiments support an acetalization–hydrogenation sequence.
Visible light mediated oxidation of benzylic sp3 C-H bonds using catalytic 1,4-hydroquinone, or its biorenewable glucoside, arbutin, as a pre-oxidant
Finney, Laura C.,Mitchell, Lorna J.,Moody, Christopher J.
supporting information, p. 2242 - 2249 (2018/05/28)
Benzylic ethers undergo a visible light induced C-H activation and oxygen insertion to give the corresponding benzoate esters in moderate to good yields. The conditions employ substoichiometric amounts of 1,4-hydroquinone with copper(ii) chloride dihydrate as an electron-transfer mediator, oxygen as the terminal oxidant and dimethyl carbonate as solvent under visible light irradiation. The naturally occurring glucoside, arbutin, which is commercially available or can be accessed via extraction of the leaves of bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) or elephant ears (Bergenia crassifolia) can be used as a biorenewable source of 1,4-hydroquinone. The methodology exploits the increase in oxidizing ability of quinones upon irradiation with visible light, and offers a sustainable alternative for the late stage oxidative functionalization of benzylic C-H bonds. It is applicable to a range of cyclic benzylic ethers such as isochromans and phthalans, and simple benzyl alkyl ethers. It can also be applied in the oxidation of benzylic amines into amides, and of diarylmethanes into the corresponding ketones. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction proceeds by H-abstraction by the photo-excited triplet benzoquinone to give a benzylic radical that subsequently reacts with molecular oxygen.
Auto-Tandem Catalysis with Frustrated Lewis Pairs for Reductive Etherification of Aldehydes and Ketones
Bakos, Mária,Gy?m?re, ádám,Domján, Attila,Soós, Tibor
supporting information, p. 5217 - 5221 (2017/04/27)
Herein we report that a single frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) catalyst can promote the reductive etherification of aldehydes and ketones. The reaction does not require an exogenous acid catalyst, but the combined action of FLP on H2, R-OH or H2O generates the required Br?nsted acid in a reversible, “turn on” manner. The method is not only a complementary metal-free reductive etherification, but also a niche procedure for ethers that would be either synthetically inconvenient or even intractable to access by alternative synthetic protocols.