133810-44-3Relevant articles and documents
Towards Ruthenium-Based Building Blocks for CuAAC Click Reactions: Challenges in Generating Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Alkynes
Zabarska, Natalia,Sorsche, Dieter,Heinemann, Frank W.,Glump, Susanne,Rau, Sven
, p. 4869 - 4877 (2015)
Ag+-free complexation of alkyne-bipyridines at ruthenium(II) polypyridine centers proceeds with surprisingly low yields. The alkyne-bipyridine-substituted ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes in this work were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, ESI spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray structural analysis. A detailed analysis of the side products revealed an unexpected carbon-carbon alkyne bond splitting promoted by the ruthenium(II) center, leading to the formation of a CO-RuII species, methyl-bipyridine, and a methyl-bipyridine-substituted ruthenium(II) complex accompanying the target product. The side products were characterized using complimentary methods including X-ray crystallography. A possible mechanism is suggested based on these side products and exemplary reaction studies. For the coordination reaction of alkyne-bipyridines with Ru(bpy)2Cl2 unexpected side reactions take place, forming a RuII-CO species and methyl-bipyridine. Here we give a detailed mechanism of the side reactions and an adequate workup procedure to obtain a pure alkyne-substituted ruthenium(II) polypyridine complex, which is the intended product.
Highly efficient benzodifuran based ruthenium sensitizers for thin-film dye-sensitized solar cells
Bosiak, Mariusz J.,Rakowiecki, Marcin,Wolan, Andrzej,Szlachta, Jolanta,Stanek, Edyta,Cycoń, Dawid,Skupień, Krzysztof
, p. 79 - 87 (2015)
The synthesis of 4,4′-dibenzodifuran-2,2′-bipyridine derivatives as ligands of organic ruthenium dyes for DSSC applications is described. Two new heteroleptic ruthenium complexes have been prepared and compared with commercially available N719 and Z907 dyes, using dip dyeing and flow dyeing methods in large area testing cells prepared for industrial purposes. The newly synthesized dyes revealed higher solar-to-electric energy conversion efficiency (η), measured at the AM1.5G conditions, up to 21% compared to N719 and up to 46% compared to Z907, and external quantum efficiency of 53%. These results can be explained by enhanced light-harvesting of the benzodifuran moiety of the dyes that is related to photocurrent.
A modular 'click' approach to substituted 2,2′-bipyridines
Fabbrizzi, Pierangelo,Cecconi, Bianca,Cicchi, Stefano
, p. 223 - 226 (2011/03/22)
The CuAAC reaction was used for the development of a click approach to a series of triazole-substituted bipyridinyl derivatives. 4,4′-Diethinyl 2,2′-bipyridine and 4,4′-diazido 2,2′-bipyridine were synthesized and tested in the cycloaddition reactions. While 4,4′-diazido 2,2′-bipyridine revealed unreactive in CuAAC reactions, its corresponding N,N′-dioxide afforded the expected cycloaddition product. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.