14447-07-5Relevant articles and documents
A 2- fluoro fumaric acid ester (formula I) and its preparation method and application
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Paragraph 0072, (2017/01/23)
The invention discloses 2-fuloro fumarate (formula I) and a preparation method thereof. Experiments show that: the kinds of compounds are capable of effectively inhibiting NF-kB transcriptional activity introduced by TNF-alpha, and further are capable of treating diseases introduced by NF-kB, such as psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, arthritis, eye inflammation or allergy, asthma and lupus erythematosus, and can be used as an immunosuppressant for organ transplantation.
Modular functionalization of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes
Zhang, Wei,Sprafke, Johannes K.,Ma, Minglin,Tsui, Emily Y.,Sydlik, Stefanie A.,et al.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 8446 - 8454 (2009/10/24)
A series of highly efficient, modular zwitterion-mediated transformations have been developed which enable diverse functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs, both single-walled and multi-walled) and fullerenes. Three functionalization strategies are demonstrated. (1) Trapping the charged zwitterion intermediate with added nucleophiles allows a variety of functional groups to be installed on the fullerenes and carbon nanotubes in a one-pot reaction. (2) Varying the electrophile from dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate to other disubstituted esters provides CNTs functionalized with chloroethyl, allyl, and propargyl groups, which can further undergo SN2 substitution, thiol addition, or 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. (3) Postfunctionalization transformations on the cyclopentenones (e.g., demethylation and saponification) of the CNTs lead to demethylated or hydrolyzed products, with high solubility in water (1.2 mg/mL for MWCNTs). CNT aqueous dispersions of the latter derivatives arestable for months and have been successfully utilized in preparation of CNT-poly(ethylene oxide) nanocomposite via electrospinning. Large-scale MWCNT (10 g) functionalization has also been demonstrated to show the s calability of the zwitterion reaction. In total we present a detailed account of diverse CNT functionalization under mild conditions (60°C, no strong acids/bases, or high pressure) and with high efficiency (1 functional group per 10 carbon atoms for SWCNTs), which expand the utility of these materials.