1446756-00-8Relevant articles and documents
Efficient and selective alcoholysis of furfuryl alcohol to alkyl levulinates catalyzed by double SO3H-functionalized ionic liquids
Wang, Guofeng,Zhang, Zhanquan,Song, Linhua
, p. 1436 - 1443 (2014)
The production of alkyl levulinates from furfuryl alcohol (FAL) in alcohol media was investigated at moderate temperature in the presence of Bronsted acidic ionic liquids. The reaction was examined and optimized under batch conditions, where it was found that furfuryl alcohol was rapidly and almost quantitatively converted into intermediate products including 2-alkoxymethylfuran and 4,5,5-trialkoxypentan-2-one, and high alkyl levulinates yield of 95% can be achieved after reaching a steady state in 2 h. An advantage of this catalyst system is that undesired dialkyl ether (DEE) formed by a side reaction of the dehydration of alcohol is negligible. The Hammett method was used to determine the acidities of these ionic liquids, which indicated that the acidity and the molecular structure have strong effects on the catalytic activity of ionic liquids. Based on the experimental results, a possible mechanism for the alcoholysis of FAL is proposed.
Graphene oxide: An efficient acid catalyst for alcoholysis and esterification reactions
Zhu, Shanhui,Chen, Chengmeng,Xue, Yanfeng,Wu, Jianbing,Wang, Jianguo,Fan, Weibin
, p. 3080 - 3083 (2014)
Evidence is presented for graphene oxide (GO), prepared by modified Hummers method, as a highly active, selective and reusable solid-acid catalyst for the production of alkyl levulinates via alcoholysis or esterification. 95.5% yield of ethyl levulinate was achieved by GO in furfuryl alcohol alcoholysis. Moreover, the surface SO3H groups were identified as the primary active sites, while the surface carboxyl groups worked synergistically to adsorb furfuryl alcohol.
