172035-84-6Relevant articles and documents
Microwave-accelerated Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions using potassium aryltrifluoroborates
Harker, Rebecca L.,Crouch, R. David
, p. 25 - 27 (2007)
The microwave-accelerated Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of bromoarenes and potassium aryltrifluoroborates in good to excellent yields is described. The method does not require the use of phosphine ligands or phase-transfer catalysts and reactions are complete in 20 minutes. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
A Highly Efficient Monophosphine Ligand for Parts per Million Levels Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling of (Hetero)Aryl Chlorides
Choy, Pui Ying,Yuen, On Ying,Leung, Man Pan,Chow, Wing Kin,Kwong, Fuk Yee
, p. 2846 - 2853 (2020/04/09)
A new indolylphosphine WK-phos has been synthesized for Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of (hetero)aryl chlorides with (alkyl)arylboronic acids. Comprising this newly developed ligand with palladium(II) acetate, the resulting catalyst system was found to be highly effective in facilitating the reaction even when the catalyst loading reaches parts per million levels (e.g. 10 ppm). These examples represent one of the lowest catalyst loadings reported to date of employing monophosphine (e.g. Ar-PCy2) for Suzuki–Miyaura reactions. The ligand geometry has also been well-characterized by single-crystal X-ray crystallography.
Catalyst shuttling enabled by a thermoresponsive polymeric ligand: Facilitating efficient cross-couplings with continuously recyclable ppm levels of palladium
Wang, Erfei,Chen, Mao
, p. 8331 - 8337 (2019/09/30)
A polymeric monophosphine ligand WePhos has been synthesized and complexed with palladium(ii) acetate [Pd(OAc)2] to generate a thermoresponsive pre-catalyst that can shuttle between water and organic phases, with the change being regulated by temperature. The structure of the polymeric ligand was confirmed with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis, as well as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. This polymeric metal complex enables highly efficient Pd-catalyzed cross-couplings and tandem reactions using 50 to 500 ppm palladium, and this can facilitate reactions that are tolerant to a broad spectrum of (hetero)aryl substrates and functional groups, as demonstrated with 73 examples with up to 99% isolated yields. Notably, 97% Pd remained in the aqueous phase after 10 runs of catalyst recycling experiments, as determined via inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) measurements, indicating highly efficient catalyst transfer. Furthermore, a continuous catalyst recycling approach has been successfully developed based on flow chemistry in combination with the catalyst shuttling behavior, allowing Suzuki-Miyaura couplings to be conducted at gram-scales with as little as 10 ppm Pd loading. Given the significance of transition-metal catalyzed cross-coupling and increasing interest in sustainable chemistry, this work is an important step towards the development of a responsive catalyst, in addition to having high activity, by tuning the structures of the ligands using polymer science.
