22173-37-1Relevant articles and documents
A highly efficient asymmetric synthesis of optically active α,γ-substituted γ-butyrolactones using a chiral auxiliary derived from isosorbide
Xu, Ming-Hua,Wang, Wei,Lin, Guo-Qiang
, p. 2229 - 2232 (2000)
(equation presented) Using an easily accessible and inexpensive chiral auxiliary derived from isosorbide, optically active α,γ-substituted γ-butyrolactones were obtained in high enantiomeric purity (up to >99% ee for trans) by the Sml2-induced
Copper-Catalyzed Formal [2+2+1] Heteroannulation of Alkenes, Alkylnitriles, and Water: Method Development and Application to a Total Synthesis of (±)-Sacidumlignan D
Ha, Tu M.,Chatalova-Sazepin, Claire,Wang, Qian,Zhu, Jieping
supporting information, p. 9249 - 9252 (2016/08/05)
A copper-catalyzed three-component reaction of alkenes, alkylnitriles, and water affords γ-butyrolactones in good yields. The domino process involves an unprecedented hydroxy-cyanoalkylation of alkenes and subsequent lactonization with the creation of three chemical bonds and a quaternary carbon center. The synthetic potential of this novel [2+2+1] heteroannulation reaction was illustrated by a concise total synthesis of (±)-sacidumlignan D.
Trimethylsilyl Cyanide - A Reagent for Umpolung, XX. - On the Regioselectivity of the Addition of Carbonyl Compounds to α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes after Umpolung
Huenig, Siegfried,Schaefer, Matthias
, p. 177 - 190 (2007/10/02)
By addition of tBuMe2SiCN to α,β-unsaturated aldehydes 5 the silylated cyanohydrins 6 are produced.Deprotonation of 6 provides allylic anions which can be attached to aldehydes and ketones in α-position (kinetic control) (-> 8) or γ-position (thermodynamic control) (-> 9).In contrast to the Me3Si group which has been applied so far the tBuMe2Si group is stable under the reaction conditions.Therefore, the ratio of α/γ adducts can be tuned from > 95:5 to 5:95 depending on the substitution pattern of 6, the aldehydes and ketones, the reaction time and temperature, and even by some additives.The γ adducts 9 are easily transformed into γ-butyrolactones 27 by acidic hydrolysis. Key Words: Umpolung / Regioselectivity / Substituent effects / Acylation, nucleophilic / Aldehydes, α,β-unsaturated / Trimethylsilyl cyanide