223134-74-5Relevant articles and documents
Formation pathways of ethyl esters of branched short-chain fatty acids during wine aging
Diaz-Maroto, M. Consuelo,Schneider, Remi,Baumes, Raymond
, p. 3503 - 3509 (2005)
The particular behavior during wine aging of fermentative branched fatty acid ethyl esters, related to yeast nitrogen metabolism, compared that of their straight-chain analogues, related to yeast lipid metabolism, was first checked in 1-5 year aged Muscadet wines. Quantitative SIDA measurements showed that the levels of the former increased, whereas those of the latter decreased. Then, three hypothetical pathways suggested in the literature to explain these variations of branched esters were investigated. Two Muscadet and Sylvaner wines were spiked with levels of deuterated isobutanoic acid and its ethyl ester, similar to those of their natural analogues, then they were submitted to model aging. Quantitative SIDA measurements on the formation of these natural and labeled ethyl esters from the corresponding acids revealed that the behavior of the natural and labeled compounds were similar. The acid levels were much higher than the ester levels in the initial young wine, and a significant upward trend of their esterification ratios to those of the acid-ester equilibrium was observed with aging. Thus, this equilibrium proved to be the most effective in generating the branched fatty acid ethyl esters during wine aging. In contrast, the formation of these acids by Strecker-type degradation of wine amino acids in the conditions of the model aging or by hydrolysis of their glycoconjugates proved to be ineffective.
Isobutyric acid D7 synthesis method and isobutyric acid D6 synthesis method
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Paragraph 0016, (2020/04/17)
The invention provides an isobutyric acid D7 synthesis method. The isobutyric acid D7 synthesis method comprises the following steps of: taking 2-bromopropane-D7, magnesium and carbon dioxide as raw materials, and carrying out Grignard reaction to prepare a compound isobutyric acid D7. The invention also provides a isobutyric acid D6 synthesis method. The isobutyric acid D6 synthesis method comprises the following steps of: taking isobutyric acid-D7 and water as raw materials, and preparing the compound isobutyric acid D6 under an alkaline condition. According to the isobutyric acid D7 synthesis method and the isobutyric acid D6 synthesis method, 2-bromopropane-D7 which can be directly purchased and is moderate in price is directly used as the raw material, the isobutyric acid D7 is directly synthesized through Grignard reaction, the synthesis steps are short, the yield is 71%, hydrogen and deuterium exchange is adopted when the isobutyric acid D7 is used for synthesizing the isobutyric acid D6, the route is short, and the yield is 78.6%.
Biosynthesis of methacrylic acid and isobutyric acids in a carabid beetle, Scarites subterraneus
Attygalle,Meinwald,Eisner
, p. 4849 - 4852 (2007/10/02)
D8-L-Valine is incorporated with high efficiency into methacrylic and isobutyric acids in the pygidial defensive glands of a carabid beetle, Scarites subterraneus.