33094-27-8Relevant articles and documents
Electrocatalytic Radical Dichlorination of Alkenes with Nucleophilic Chlorine Sources
Fu, Niankai,Sauer, Gregory S.,Lin, Song
supporting information, p. 15548 - 15553 (2017/11/06)
We report a Mn-catalyzed electrochemical dichlorination of alkenes with MgCl2 as the chlorine source. This method provides operationally simple, sustainable, and efficient access to a variety of vicinally dichlorinated compounds. In particular, alkenes with oxidatively labile functional groups, such as alcohols, aldehydes, sulfides, and amines, were transformed into the desired vicinal dichlorides with high chemoselectivity. Mechanistic data are consistent with metal-mediated Cl atom transfer as the predominant pathway enabling dual C-Cl bond formation and contradict an alternative pathway involving electrochemical evolution of chlorine gas followed by Cl2-mediated electrophilic dichlorination.
Organic halogen compounds, EOX, in mussels from a clean lake and a pulp mill recipient
Pellinen, Jukka,Ruokolainen, Minna,Maekelae, Petteri,Taskinen, Jouni
, p. 1515 - 1526 (2007/10/03)
The extractable organic halogen (EOX) residue of duck mussels, Anodonta anatina, from the unpolluted Lake Hoytiainen, Finland, was found to be 690 μg/g of lipids. The residue was characterized by analyzing chlorinated phenols, hydrocarbons and fatty acids. These compound classes accounted only for 1.9% of the EOX. Mussels from the same lake were incubated in a lake receiving pulp and paper mill effluents for 12 months to study the bioaccumulation of organochlorine compounds. The EOX of these mussels was 2045 μg/g lipids and only 1.1% of the residue was explained by the low molecular weight compounds. Thus, the majority of EOX remains undefined. However, potential differences in composition are suggested by the relative proportion of defined compounds and the differences among the measured compound classes. These halogen compounds may be of natural origin or reaction products of anthropogenic compounds with humic substances. The presence of such compounds should be taken into account when evaluating the accumulation of pulp mill effluent-related EOX in mussels. No difference was found in the EOX between male and female mussels caged close to a pulp mill, but, on dry weight basis, mussels infected by a digenean parasite had higher EOX concentration than healthy females.
