4134-97-8Relevant articles and documents
Formation of Reactive Intermediates, Color, and Antioxidant Activity in the Maillard Reaction of Maltose in Comparison to d -Glucose
Kanzler, Clemens,Schestkowa, Helena,Haase, Paul T.,Kroh, Lothar W.
, p. 8957 - 8965 (2017/10/17)
In this study, the Maillard reaction of maltose and d-glucose in the presence of l-alanine was investigated in aqueous solution at 130 °C and pH 5. The reactivity of both carbohydrates was compared in regards of their degradation, browning, and antioxidant activity. In order to identify relevant differences in the reaction pathways, the concentrations of selected intermediates such as 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, furans, furanones, and pyranones were determined. It was found, that the degradation of maltose predominantly yields 1,2-dicarbonyls that still carry a glucosyl moiety and thus subsequent reactions to HMF, furfural, and 2-acetylfuran are favored due to the elimination of d-glucose, which is an excellent leaving group in aqueous solution. Consequently, higher amounts of these heterocycles are formed from maltose. 3-deoxyglucosone and 3-deoxygalactosone represent the only relevant C6-1,2-dicarbonyls in maltose incubations and are produced in nearly equimolar amounts during the first 60 min of heating as byproducts of the HMF formation.
Identification and determination of α-dicarbonyl compounds formed in the degradation of sugars
Usui, Teruyuki,Yanagisawa, Satoshi,Ohguchi, Mio,Yoshino, Miku,Kawabata, Risa,Kishimoto, Junko,Arai, Yumi,Aida, Kaoru,Watanabe, Hirohito,Hayase, Fumitaka
, p. 2465 - 2472 (2008/03/27)
The α-dicarbonyl compounds formed in the degradation of glucose and fructose were analyzed by HPLC using 2,3-diaminonaphthalene as derivatizing reagent, and identified as glucosone (GLUCO), 3-deoxyglucosone (3DG), 3-deoxyxylosone (3DX), tetrosone (TSO), triosone (TRIO), 3-deoxytetrosone (3DT), glyoxal (GO), and methylglyoxal (MGO). The results suggest that α-dicarbonyl compounds were formed from glucose via non-oxidative 3-deoxyglucosone formation and oxidative glucosone formation in glucose degradation. In addition, TRIO, GO, and MGO were also formed from glyceraldehyde as intermediate. The α-dicarbonyl compounds might be formed from glucose via these pathways in diabetes.