42564-36-3Relevant articles and documents
(E)-2-(4′-Methyl-3′-pentenylidene)-4-butanolide, Named β-Acariolide: A New Monoterpene Lactone from the Mold Mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acarina: Acaridae)
Morino, Atsushi,Kuwahara, Yasumasa,Matsuyama, Sigeru,Suzuki, Takahisa
, p. 1906 - 1908 (1997)
Reinvestigation of the opisthonotal gland secretion of the mold mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, resulted in the isolation of a new monoterpene lactone, whose chemical structure was elucidated as (E)-2-(4′-methyl-3′-pentenylidene)-4-butanolide (3), to which we gave the trivial name β-acariolide in relation to β-acaridial {1, (E)-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenylidene)-butanedial}. The compound was synthesized by LiAlH3 (OEt) reduction of 1 and subsequent oxidation involving simultaneous cyclization by using Ag2CO3 on Celite. Both the E- and Z-isomers of β-acariolide (3 and 4) were also prepared by the reaction of α-ethoxaly-γ-butyrolactone (6) and 4-methyl-3-pentenal under basic conditions. Their NMR spectra were compared with each other, and the geometry of the pentenylidene double bond of the isolated compound was concluded as being E.
Production process of 5-(3, 3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoic acid
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Paragraph 0025-0029, (2020/07/02)
The invention discloses a production process of 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoic acid. The 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoic acid is prepared by connecting two fragments; the first fragment is prepared by the following steps: carrying out a substitution reaction on diethyl oxalate, serving as an initial raw material, and 1,4-butyrolactone to generate an intermediate 1, carrying outa ring-opening bromination reaction on the intermediate 1 and an acetic acid solution of hydrobromic acid to obtain an intermediate 2, and carrying out an esterification reaction on the intermediate 2and methanol to prepare an intermediate 3; and the second fragment is prepared by reacting N,N'-bis-BOC-1H-1-guanidinopyrazole serving as an initial raw material with a methanol solution of dimethylamine to obtain an intermediate 4. An alkylation substitution reaction on the intermediates 4 and 3 to prepare an intermediate 5, the intermediate 5 is deprotected to obtain an intermediate 6, and ester is hydrolyzed to obtain the target product. By establishing strict internal control standards for initial raw materials and intermediates and strictly controlling key process step parameters, the qualified product can be stably prepared in multiple batches.
Pyrazole derivatives as partial agonists for the nicotinic acid receptor
Van Herk,Brussee,Van den Nieuwendijk,Van der Klein,IJzerman,Stannek,Burmeister,Lorenzen
, p. 3945 - 3951 (2007/10/03)
Nicotinic acid as a hypolipidemic agent appears unique due to its potential to increase HDL cholesterol levels to a greater extent than other drugs. However, it has some side effects, among which severe skin flushing is the most frequent and often limits patients' compliance. In a search for novel agonists for the recently identified and cloned G protein-coupled nicotinic acid receptor, we synthesized a series of substituted pyrazole-3-carboxylic acids that proved to have substantial affinity for this receptor. The affinities were measured by inhibition of [3H] nicotinic acid binding to rat spleen membranes. Potencies and intrinsic activities relative to nicotinic acid were determined by their effects on [35S]GTPγS binding to rat adipocyte and spleen membranes. Interestingly, most compounds were partial agonists. In particular, 2-diazabicyclo-[3,3,O 4,8]octa-3,8-diene-3-carboxylic acid (4c) and 5-propylpyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (4f) proved active with Ki values of approximately 0.15 μM and EC50 values of approximately 6 μM, while their intrinsic activity was only ～50% when compared to nicotinic acid. Even slightly more active was 5-butylpyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (4g) with a Ki value of 0.072 μM, an EC50 value of 4.12 μM, and a relative intrinsic activity of 75%. Of the aralkyl derivatives, 4q (5-(3-chlorobenzyl)pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid) was the most active with a relatively low intrinsic activity of 39%. Partial agonism of the pyrazole derivatives was confirmed by inhibition of G protein activation in response to nicotinic acid by these compounds. The pyrazoles both inhibited the maximum effect elicited by 100 μM nicotinic acid and concentration dependently shifted nicotinic acid concentration-response curves to the right, pointing to a competive mechanism of action.
Pyrrolo[3,2-e]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine remedies/preventives for respiratory diseases
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, (2008/06/13)
The invention relates to a therapeutic and preventive medicament for respiratory diseases, comprising, as an active ingredient, a compound represented by the general formula (1): wherein R1represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group hav
