765-34-4 Usage
Description
GLYCIDALDEHYDE is a bifunctional chemical intermediate and cross-linking agent derived from the hydrogen peroxide epoxidation of acrolein.
Uses
Used in Textile Treatment:
GLYCIDALDEHYDE is used as a cross-linking agent for textile treatment to improve the fabric's properties, such as strength, durability, and resistance to shrinkage.
Used in Leather Tanning:
GLYCIDALDEHYDE is used as a cross-linking agent in leather tanning to enhance the leather's strength, flexibility, and resistance to degradation.
Used in Protein Insolubilization:
GLYCIDALDEHYDE is used as a cross-linking agent for protein insolubilization to stabilize proteins and prevent their dissolution in water.
Used in Wool Finishing:
GLYCIDALDEHYDE is used as a cross-linking agent in wool finishing to improve the wool's texture, strength, and resistance to wear.
Used in Fat Liquoring of Leather:
GLYCIDALDEHYDE is used as a cross-linking agent in the fat liquoring process of leather to enhance the leather's softness, flexibility, and water resistance.
Air & Water Reactions
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
GLYCIDALDEHYDE is an epoxide and an aldehyde. Aldehydes are frequently involved in self-condensation or polymerization reactions. These reactions are exothermic; they are often catalyzed by acid. Aldehydes are readily oxidized to give carboxylic acids. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of aldehydes with azo, diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. Aldehydes can react with air to give first peroxo acids, and ultimately carboxylic acids. These autoxidation reactions are activated by light, catalyzed by salts of transition metals, and are autocatalytic (catalyzed by the products of the reaction). The addition of stabilizers (antioxidants) to shipments of aldehydes retards autoxidation. Epoxides are highly reactive. They polymerize in the presence of catalysts or when heated. These polymerization reactions can be violent. Compounds in this group react with acids, bases, and oxidizing and reducing agents. They react, possibly violently with water in the presence of acid and other catalysts.
Health Hazard
TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
Health Hazard
Glycidaldehyde is a severe irritant, moder-ately toxic, and a carcinogenic compound.Exposure to 1 ppm for 5 minutes resultedin moderate eye irritation in humans. It pro-duced severe skin irritation with slow heal-ing, causing pigmentation of affected areas(Rose 1983).The symptoms of its toxicity in humansare central nervous system depression, excite-ment, and effects on olfactory sense organs.Such ill effects may be observed on exposureto concentrations exceeding 5 ppm.An intravenous administration of glyci-daldehyde at 20 mg/kg in rabbits causedmiosis, lacrimation, and respiratory depres-sion followed by death. In rats, 50 mg/kg,given orally, was fatal.
Safety Profile
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic,neoplastigenic, and tumorigenic data. Poison
by ingestion, skin contact, intraperitoneal,
and intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by
inhalation. Human systemic effects by
inhalation: changes in central nervous
system electrical activity, olfactory changes,
and excitement. Mutation data reported. A
human eye irritant. Powerful skin sensitizer
and mucous membrane irritant. Flammable
when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizing
materials. When heated to decomposition it
emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See
also ALDEHYDES.
Potential Exposure
Glycidyldehyde is and epoxide used
to synthesize other chemicals. It has been used in the fin ishing of wool and the tanning of leather and surgical
sutures in the U.K. It has been tested as a disinfectant.
Shipping
UN2622 Glycidaldehyde, Hazard Class: 3;
Labels: 3-Flammable liquid, 6.1-Poisonous materials. The
addition of antioxidant stabilizers to shipments of alde hydes may retard autoxidation.
Incompatibilities
Glycidaldehyde may undergo violent
polymerization when subjected to heat, strong sunlight, or
contamination. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explo sions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, and epoxides. When heated or in
contact with catalysts, epoxides may cause violent polymer ization. Epoxides are incompatible with reducing agents
and oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates,
perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may
cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materi als, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, and epoxides. May
react, possibly violently, with water in the presence of acid
and other catalysts. Reacts with alcohols, amines, and other
active hydrogen compounds. Slowly hydrolyzes in water.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 765-34-4 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 7,6 and 5 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 3 and 4 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 765-34:
(5*7)+(4*6)+(3*5)+(2*3)+(1*4)=84
84 % 10 = 4
So 765-34-4 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C3H4O2/c4-1-3-2-5-3/h1,3H,2H2/t3-/m0/s1
765-34-4Relevant articles and documents
Reaction of acrolein with acetylperoxyl radicals in the gas-phase
Roden, Peter J.,Stark, Moray S.,Waddington, David J.
, p. 277 - 282 (1999)
A rate constant for the epoxidation of acrolein by acetylperoxyl radicals has been determined to be k4 = (1.3±0.9)×104 dm3mol-1s-1 at 383 K, which is anomalously fast in comparison with the epoxidation of alkenes. Abstraction of the acyl hydrogen atom from acrolein by acetylperoxyl radicals at 393 K was found to be at least 60 times slower than from acetaldehyde and at least three orders of magnitude slower than abstraction of the acyl hydrogen atom of the epoxide of acrolein. The fast rate for epoxidation of acrolein and the slow rate for hydrogen abstraction provide an explanation for the anomalously slow rate for the autoxidation of acrolein and suggests that acrolein formed during the autoxidation of alkene will react further to give its epoxide, and not exclusively by abstraction of the acyl hydrogen atom as was previously accepted.
Efficient epoxidation of electron-deficient alkenes with hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by [γ-PW10O38V2(μ-OH) 2]3-
Kamata, Keigo,Sugahara, Kosei,Yonehara, Kazuhiro,Ishimoto, Ryo,Mizuno, Noritaka
scheme or table, p. 7549 - 7559 (2011/08/03)
A divanadium-substituted phosphotungstate, [γ-PW10O 38V2(μ-OH)2]3- (I), showed the highest catalytic activity for the H2O2-based epoxidation of allyl acetate among vanadium and tungsten complexes with a turnover number of 210. In the presence of I, various kinds of electron-deficient alkenes with acetate, ether, carbonyl, and chloro groups at the allylic positions could chemoselectively be oxidized to the corresponding epoxides in high yields with only an equimolar amount of H2O2 with respect to the substrates. Even acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile could be epoxidized without formation of the corresponding amides. In addition, I could rapidly (min) catalyze epoxidation of various kinds of terminal, internal, and cyclic alkenes with H;bsubesubbsubesub& under the stoichiometric conditions. The mechanistic, spectroscopic, and kinetic studies showed that the I-catalyzed epoxidation consists of the following three steps: 1) The reaction of I with H;bsubesubbsubesub& leads to reversible formation of a hydroperoxo species [I;circbsubesubbsubesubbsubesubcirccircbsupesup& (II), 2) the successive dehydration of II forms an active oxygen species with a peroxo group [ 2:2-O2)]3- (III), and 3) III reacts with alkene to form the corresponding epoxide. The kinetic studies showed that the present epoxidation proceeds via III. Catalytic activities of divanadium-substituted polyoxotungstates for epoxidation with H 2O2 were dependent on the different kinds of the heteroatoms (i.e., Si or P) in the catalyst and I was more active than [γ-SiW10O38V2(μ-OH)2] 4-. On the basis of the kinetic, spectroscopic, and computational results, including those of [γ-SiW10O38V 2(μ-OH)2]4-, the acidity of the hydroperoxo species in II would play an important role in the dehydration reactivity (i.e., k3). The largest k3 value of I leads to a significant increase in the catalytic activity of I under the more concentrated conditions. Copyright
Intermediate thiazoles and process for the preparation of 2-chloro-5-chloromethyl-thiazole
-
, (2008/06/13)
The present invention relates to intermediate thiazole compounds and a process for preparing 2-chloro-5-chloromethylthiazole which is a known compound useful for the preparation of insecticides.
