7758-98-7 Usage
Chemical Description
Copper(II) sulfate is a blue salt used as a fungicide and herbicide.
Description
Copper(II) sulfate, also known as blue vitriol, is a blue crystalline compound that is soluble in water and alcohol. It is prepared by the action of sulfuric acid on elemental copper or copper compounds. Copper(II) sulfate is available in various forms, including pentahydrate (blue vitriol, CuSO4·5H2O), monohydrate (CuSO4·H2O), and anhydrous (CuSO4) forms. The anhydrous form is white, while the pentahydrate form is bright blue. Copper(II) sulfate is hygroscopic and turns blue upon absorption of water.
Uses
Used in Antimicrobial Applications:
Copper(II) sulfate is used as an antimicrobial agent for controlling bacterial and fungal diseases in various industries.
Used in Molluscicide Applications:
Copper(II) sulfate is used as a molluscicide for the destruction of slugs and snails, particularly the snail host of the liver fluke.
Used in Agricultural Industry:
Copper(II) sulfate is used as a fungicide, algaecide, bactericide, and herbicide in agriculture. It is used to control diseases such as mildew, leaf spots, blights, and apple scab in fruit, vegetable, nut, and field crops. It is also used in Bordeaux mixture for leaf application and seed treatment.
Used in Water Treatment Industry:
Copper(II) sulfate is used to kill slugs and snails in irrigation and municipal water treatment systems.
Used in Mineral Processing Industry:
Copper(II) sulfate is used as an activator for sphalerite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, and other sulfides during the processing of base metal ores. It is also used as a depressant in the flotation of some silicate minerals, such as zirconium.
Used in Chemical Industry:
Copper(II) sulfate is used as a catalyst for the acetylation of alcohols and phenols under solvent-free conditions. It is also used as a Lewis acid catalyst for the dehydration of alcohols and in the preparation of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films.
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Copper(II) sulfate is used as a nutrient supplement and processing aid, most often in the pentahydrate form. It may be used in infant formula and is also known as cupric sulfate.
Used in Cosmetic Industry:
Copper(II) sulfate is used in hair dyes and coloring glass.
Used in Leather Industry:
Copper(II) sulfate is used in the processing of leather and textiles.
Used in Pyrotechnics:
Copper(II) sulfate is used as a green colorant in pyrotechnics.
Used in Laboratory:
Copper(II) sulfate is used in Fehling and Benedict's solution to test reducing sugars. It is also used to detect and remove trace amounts of water from alcohols and organic compounds.
Air & Water Reactions
Soluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
Anhydrous Cupric sulfate serves as a weak oxidizing agent. Causes hydroxylamine to ignite. Gains water readily. The hydrated salt is vigorously reduced by hydroxylamine [Mellor 8:292(1946-1947)]. Both forms are incompatible with finely powdered metals. Both are incompatible with magnesium, corrode steel and iron, may react with alkalis, phosphates, acetylene gas, hydrazine, or nitromethane, and may react with beta-naphthol, propylene glycol, sulphathiazole and triethanolamine if the pH exceeds 7 . Both act as acidic salts, corrode metals and irritate tissues.
Hazard
Toxic; highly irritant.
Health Hazard
Workers who accidentally ingest copper sulfate experience abdominal pain and cramps,
burning sensation, corrosive effects, nausea, vomiting, loose bowel movement, and a
metallic taste. Exposures to copper sulfate by ingestion or skin absorption cause severe
irritating effects to the eyes and skin The aerosol is irritating to the respiratory tract, and
effects on the blood, kidneys and liver result in hemolytic anemia, kidney impairment,
liver impairment, and shock or collapse. At large doses, accidental intake of copper sulfate
causes renal failure, comatose, and even death. Long-term exposure to copper sulfate may
lead to liver damage, lung diseases, and decreased female fertility.
Health Hazard
INGESTION: copper sulfate may induce severe gastroenteric distress (vomiting, gastroenteric pain, and local corrosion and hemorrhages), prostration, anuria, hematuria, anemia, increase in white blood cells, icterus, coma, respiratory difficulties, and circulatory failure.
Trade name
AGRITOX?; BASICOP?; BCS COPPER
FUNGICIDE?; BSC FLOWABLE?[C]; COPSIN?; CP
BASIC SULFATE?; CUPROFIX?; FUNGI-SPERSE
II[C]; SULTRACOB?; TNCS? 53; TRIANGLE?
Safety Profile
A human poison by
ingestion. An experimental poison by
ingestion, subcutaneous, parenteral,
intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes.
Human systemic effects by ingestion:
gastritis, Qarrhea, nausea or vomiting,
damage to kidney tubules, and hemolysis.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental
tumorigenic data. An experimental
teratogen. Other experimental reproductive
effects. Mutation data reported. Reacts
violently with hydroxylamine, magnesium.
See also COPPER COMPOUNDS and
SULFATES. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SOx
Potential Exposure
Copper sulfate is used as intermediate and wood preservative; also used in production of copper compounds; to detect and to remove trace amounts of water from alcohols and organic compounds; as a fungicide and algicide; in veterinary medicine and others.
storage
Workers should keep copper sulfate stored in a cool, dry area with suffi cient ventilation. It should be kept away from alkalis, magnesium, ammonia, acetylene, and sodium
hypobromite.
Shipping
UN3288 Toxic solids, inorganic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.
Purification Methods
After adding 0.02g of KOH to a litre of nearly saturated aqueous solution of the sulfate, it is left for two weeks, then the precipitate is filtered on to a fibreglass filter with pore diameter of 5-15 microns. The filtrate is heated to 90o and allowed to evaporate until some CuSO4.5H2O crystallises out. The solution is then filtered hot and cooled rapidly to give crystals which are freed from mother liquor by filtering under suction [Geballe & Giauque J Am Chem Soc 74 3513 1952]. Alternatively crystallise the sulfate from water (0.6mL/g) between 100o and 0o. The pentahydrate is slowly efflorescent, losing 2H2O at 30o, two more H2O are lost at 110o and a white anhydrous powder (dessicant) is obtained on heating above 250o.
Incompatibilities
Aqueous solution is an acid. May form explosive materials on contact with acetylene and nitromethane. Incompatible with strong bases; hydroxylamine, magnesium; zirconium, sodium hypobromite, hydrazine.
Waste Disposal
Copper-containing soluble wastes can be concentrated through the use of ion exchange, reverse osmosis, or evaporators to the point where copper can be electrolytically removed and sent to a reclaiming firm. If recovery is not feasible, the copper can be precipitated through the use of caustics and the sludge deposited in a chemical waste landfill Add soda ash to waste CuSO4 solution; let stand 24 hours. Decant and neutralize solution before flushing to sewer. Landfill sludge.
Precautions
During handling and use of copper sulfate, students and occupational workers should
wear safety glasses and should not breathe the material in powder form. Copper sulfate is an environmental pollutant and must be carefully incorporated when used in its varied
applications. Workers should wear protective clothing, goggles, impermeable gloves, and
rubber boots to avoid skin contact
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 7758-98-7 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 7,7,5 and 8 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 9 and 8 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 7758-98:
(6*7)+(5*7)+(4*5)+(3*8)+(2*9)+(1*8)=147
147 % 10 = 7
So 7758-98-7 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/Cu.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2
