90-94-8 Usage
Description
4,4'-Bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone, also known as MK, is a white to greenish crystalline leaflets or blue powder material. It is a chemical compound with the chemical properties of white to light greenish crystals. MK is a versatile compound with various applications in different industries.
Uses
Used in Photoinitiation:
4,4'-Bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone is used as a photoinitiator in the preparation of dyes. It helps in initiating the polymerization process when exposed to light, making it a useful additive in the dye manufacturing process.
Used in Dye and Pigment Manufacturing:
4,4'-Bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone is used as a precursor material in the synthesis of 4,4′-bisN,N,dimethyl, N (2-ethoxy carbonyl-1-propenyl) ammonium hexafluoro antimonatebenzophenone (MKEA). 4,4'-Bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone is used in the manufacture of dyes and pigments, contributing to the development of new and improved colorants for various applications.
Used in Chemical Synthesis:
4,4'-Bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various organic compounds. Its unique chemical structure allows it to be used in the production of a wide range of chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals.
Synthesis Reference(s)
Tetrahedron, 38, p. 1163, 1982 DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(82)85099-0
Air & Water Reactions
Insoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
4,4'-Bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong reducing agents .
Hazard
Possible carcinogen.
Fire Hazard
Literature sources indicate that 4,4'-Bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone is combustible.
Safety Profile
Confirmed human
carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic
and neoplastigenic data. A poison by
ingestion. Mutation data reported. A
flammable liquid. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
Potential Exposure
Mutagen. Animal Carcinogen.
Michler’s ketone is a dye intermediate and derivative of
dimethylaniline. It is also used in antifreeze formulations,
cosmetics, cleaning compounds; heat transfer fluids;
as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of at least 13
dyes and pigments, especially auramine derivatives.
Carcinogenicity
Michler’s ketone is reasonably anticipated to be a human cagen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from stud
rcinoies in experimental animals.
Shipping
UN3143 Dyes, solid, toxic, n.o.s. or Dye intermediates,
solid, toxic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels:
6.1-Poison Inhalation Hazard. UN2811 Toxic solids,
organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous
materials, Technical Name Required. UN1602 Dyes, liquid,
toxic, n.o.s or Dye intermediates, liquid, toxic, n.o.s.,
Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
Purification Methods
Dissolve the ketone in dilute HCl, filter and precipitate it by adding ammonia (to remove water-insoluble impurities such as benzophenone). Then crystallise it from EtOH or pet ether. [Suppan J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans1 71 539 1975.] It is also purified by dissolving in *benzene, then washing with water until the aqueous phase is colourless. The *benzene is evaporated off, and the residue is recrystallised three times from *benzene and EtOH [Hoshino & Kogure J Phys Chem 72 417 1988]. [Beilstein 14 IV 255.]
Incompatibilities
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates,
chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires
or explosions. Keep away from aldehydes, alkaline
materials, strong acids, strong bases, strong reducing
agents such as hydrideds and active metals. Contact
with hydrogen peroxide may form heat- and shock- sensitive
explosives.
Waste Disposal
Do not discharge into drains
or sewers. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies
for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. If allowed,
Incineration with effluent gas scrubbing is recommended.
Containers must be disposed of properly by following
package label directions or by contacting your local or
federal environmental control agency, or by contacting
your regional EPA office.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 90-94-8 includes 5 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 2 digits, 9 and 0 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 9 and 4 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 90-94:
(4*9)+(3*0)+(2*9)+(1*4)=58
58 % 10 = 8
So 90-94-8 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
90-94-8Relevant articles and documents
Ruthenium-on-Carbon-Catalyzed Facile Solvent-Free Oxidation of Alcohols: Efficient Progress under Solid-Solid (Liquid)-Gas Conditions
Park, Kwihwan,Jiang, Jing,Yamada, Tsuyoshi,Sajiki, Hironao
, p. 1200 - 1205 (2021/12/29)
A protocol for the ruthenium-on-carbon (Ru/C)-catalyzed solvent-free oxidation of alcohols, which proceeds efficiently under solid-solid (liquid)-gas conditions, was developed. Various primary and secondary alcohols were transformed to corresponding aldehydes and ketones in moderate to excellent isolated yields by simply stirring in the presence of 10% Ru/C under air or oxygen conditions. The solvent-free oxidation reactions proceeded efficiently regardless of the solid or liquid state of the substrates and reagents and could be applied to gram-scale synthesis without loss of the reaction efficiency. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of Ru/C was maintained after five reuse cycles.
One-pot, modular approach to functionalized ketones via nucleophilic addition/Buchwald-Hartwig amination strategy
De Jong, Jorn,Heijnen, Dorus,Helbert, Hugo,Feringa, Ben L.
supporting information, p. 2908 - 2911 (2019/03/17)
A general one-pot procedure for the 1,2-addition of organolithium reagents to amides followed by the Buchwald-Hartwig amination with in situ released lithium amides is presented. In this work amides are used as masked ketones, revealed by the addition of organolithium reagents which generates a lithium amide, suitable for subsequent Buchwald-Hartwig coupling in the presence of a palladium catalyst. This methodology allows for rapid, efficient and atom economic synthesis of aminoarylketones in good yields.
A series of BiO: XIy/GO photocatalysts: Synthesis, characterization, activity, and mechanism
Chou, Shang-Yi,Chung, Wen-Hsin,Chen, Li-Wen,Dai, Yong-Ming,Lin, Wan-Yu,Lin, Jia-Hao,Chen, Chiing-Chang
, p. 82743 - 82758 (2016/11/01)
A series of bismuth oxyiodide (BiOxIy)-grafted graphene oxide (GO) sheets with different GO contents were synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method. This is the first report where four composites of BiOI/GO, Bi4O5I2/GO, Bi7O9I3/GO, and Bi5O7I/GO have been characterized using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy energy-dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The assembled BiOxIy/GO composites exhibited excellent photocatalytic activities in the degradation of crystal violet (CV) under visible light irradiation. The order of rate constants was as follows: Bi7O9I3/GO > Bi4O5I2/GO > Bi4O5I2 > Bi7O9I3 > Bi5O7I/GO > BiOI/GO > BiOI > Bi5O7I > GO. The photocatalytic activity of the Bi7O9I3/GO (or Bi4O5I2/GO) composite reached a maximum rate constant of 0.351 (or 0.322) h-1, which was 1.8 (or 1.7) times higher than that of Bi7O9I3 (or Bi4O5I2), 6-7 times higher than that of BiOI/GO, and 119-130 times higher than that of BiOI. The quenching effects of different scavengers and electron paramagnetic resonance demonstrated that the superoxide radical (O2-) played a major role and holes (h+) and hydroxyl radicals (OH) played a minor role as active species in the degradation of crystal violet (CV) and salicylic acid (SA). Possible photodegradation mechanisms are proposed and discussed in this research.