Ambroxol

The Ambroxol, with the CAS registry number 18683-91-5 and EINECS registry number 242-500-3, has the IUPAC name of trans-4-(2-Amino-3,5-dibrombenzylamino)-cyclohexanol. It is a kind of crystal, and should be stored at 2-8°C. The molecular formula of this chemical is C₁₃H₁₈Br₂N₂O.

The physical properties of Ambroxol are as following: (1)ACD/LogP: 4.57; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 0; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 2; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 4; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 1; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 38; (9)#H bond acceptors: 3; (10)#H bond donors: 4; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 5; (12)Polar Surface Area: 58.28 Å²; (13)Index of Refraction: 1.654; (14)Molar Refractivity: 81.324 cm³; (15)Molar Volume: 221.855 cm³; (16)Polarizability: 32.239×10^-24cm³; (17)Surface Tension: 63.338 dyne/cm; (18)Density: 1.704 g/cm³; (19)Flash Point: 237.23 °C; (20)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 76.999 kJ/mol; (21)Boiling Point: 468.647 °C at 760 mmHg; (22)Vapour Pressure: 0 mmHg at 25°C.

Preparation of Ambroxol: Heat compound (I) and 4-amino cyclohexanol in xylene to give 4 -[(2-amino-benzoyl) amino] cyclohexanol. Reduce it with lithium aluminum hydride, and bromize in the glacial acetic acid, then you can get the product.

→Ambroxol

Uses of Ambroxol: It is a secretolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory diseases associated with viscid or excessive mucus. It is indicated as secretolytic therapy in bronchopulmonary diseases associated with abnormal mucus secretion and impaired mucus transport. It also provides pain relief in acute sore throat. What's more, it is a very potent inhibitor of the neuronal Na+ channels.

You should be cautious while dealing with this chemical. It irritates eyes, respiratory system and skin, and it is also harmful if swallowed. Therefore, you had better take the following instructions: Wear suitable protective clothing, and in case of contacting with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES: O[C@H]2CC[C@H](NCc1cc(Br)cc(Br)c1N)CC2
(2)InChI: InChI=1/C13H18Br2N2O/c14-9-5-8(13(16)12(15)6-9)7-17-10-1-3-11(18)4-2-10/h5-6,10-11,17-18H,1-4,7,16H2/t10-,11-
(3)InChIKey: JBDGDEWWOUBZPM-XYPYZODXBS

The toxicity data is as follows:

Organism	Test Type	Route	Reported Dose (Normalized Dose)	Effect	Source
guinea pig	LD50	intraperitoneal	280mg/kg (280mg/kg)		Medicamentos de Actualidad. Vol. 15, Pg. 523, 1979.
guinea pig	LD50	oral	1180mg/kg (1180mg/kg)		Medicamentos de Actualidad. Vol. 15, Pg. 523, 1979.
mouse	LD50	intraperitoneal	268mg/kg (268mg/kg)		Medicamentos de Actualidad. Vol. 15, Pg. 523, 1979.
mouse	LD50	intravenous	138mg/kg (138mg/kg)		Medicamentos de Actualidad. Vol. 15, Pg. 523, 1979.
mouse	LD50	oral	2720mg/kg (2720mg/kg)		Medicamentos de Actualidad. Vol. 15, Pg. 523, 1979.
rat	LD50	intraperitoneal	380mg/kg (380mg/kg)		Medicamentos de Actualidad. Vol. 15, Pg. 523, 1979.
rat	LD50	oral	13400mg/kg (13400mg/kg)		Medicamentos de Actualidad. Vol. 15, Pg. 523, 1979.