101664-28-2Relevant articles and documents
Reduction of the nitro group to amine by hydroiodic acid to synthesize o-aminophenol derivatives as putative degradative markers of neuromelanin
Wakamatsu, Kazumasa,Tanaka, Hitomi,Tabuchi, Keisuke,Ojika, Makoto,Zucca, Fabio A.,Zecca, Luigi,Ito, Shosuke
, p. 8039 - 8050 (2014)
Neuromelanin (NM) is produced in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra (SN) and in noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC). The synthesis of NM in those neurons is a component of brain aging and there is the evidence that this pigment can be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. NM is believed to derive from the oxidative polymerization of dopamine (DA) or norepinephrine (NE) with the participation of cysteine, dolichols and proteins. However, there are still unknown aspects in the chemical structure of NM from SN (SN-NM) and LC (LC-NM). In this study, we designed a new method to synthesize o-aminophenol compounds as putative degradation products of catecholamines and their metabolites which may be incorporated into NM. Those compounds are aminohydroxyphenylethylamine (AHPEA) isomers, aminohydroxyphenylacetic acid (AHPAA) isomers and aminohydroxyethylbenzene (AHEB) isomers, which are expected to arise from DA or NE, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) or 3,4-dihydroxyphenylmandelic acid (DOMA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol (DOPE) or 3,4- dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol (DOPEG), respectively. These o-aminophenol compounds were synthesized by the nitration of phenol derivatives followed by reduction with hydroiodic acid (HI), and they could be identified by HPLC in HI hydrolysates of SN-NM and LC-NM. This degradative approach by HI hydrolysis allows the identification of catecholic precursors unique to SN-NM and LC-NM, which are present in catecholaminergic neurons.
IL-8 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
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, (2008/06/13)
The present invention relates to novel compounds and a novel use of phenyl ureas in the treatment of disease states mediated by the chemokine Interleukin-8 (IL-8).
IL-8 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
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, (2008/06/13)
This invention relates to novel compounds and a novel use of phenyl ureas in the treatment of disease scates mediated by the chemokine, Interleukin-8 (IL-8). In particular, this invention relates to the novel compounds of Formula (Ia) and their use in treating chemokine mediated diseases wherein the chemokine binds to an IL-8 a or b receptor. Compounds of Formula (Ia) are represented by the structure: STR1 wherein interalia, X is oxygen or sulfur;Rb is NR 6 R. sub.7, alkcyl, aryl, arylC 1-4 alkyl, aryl C 2-4 alkenyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC 1-4 alkyl, heteroarylC 2-4 alkenyl, heterocyclic or heterocyclic C 1-4 alkyl, or a heterocyclic C 2-4 alkenyl moiety, camphor, all of which may be optionally substituted; R 1 is independently selected from hydrogen; halogen; nitro; cyano; C 1-10 alkyl; halosubstituted C 1-10 alkyl; C 2-10 alkoxy; halosubstituted C 1-10 alkoxy; azide; (CR. sub.8 R 8)q S(O) t R 4 ; hydroxy; hydroxy substituted C 1-4 alkyl; aryl; aryl C 1-4 alkyl; aryl C 2-10 alkenyl; aryloxy; aryl C 1-4 alkyloxy; heteroaryl; heteroarylalkyl; heteroaryl C 2-10 alkenyl; heteroaryl C 1-4 alkyloxy; heterocyclic; heterocyclic C 1-4 alkyl; heterocyclicC 1-4 alkyloxy; heterocyclic C 2-10 alkenyl; q is 0 or an integer having a value of 1 to 10; n is an integer having a value of 1 to 3;m is an integer having a value of 1 to 3; Y is hydrogen; halogen; nitro; cyano; halosubstituted C 1-10 alkyl; C 1-10 alkyl; C 2-10 alkenyl C. sub.1-10 alkoxy; halosubstituted C 1-10 alkoxy; azide; (CR 8 R. sub.8)qS(O) t R 4, (CR 8 R 8)qOR 4 ; hydorxy; hydroxy substituted C. sub.1-4 alkyl; aryl; aryl C 1-4 alkyl; aryloxy; arylC. sub.1-4 alkyloxy; aryl C 2-10 alkenyl; heteroaryl; heteroarylalkyl; heteroaryl C 1-4 alkyloxy; heteroaryl C 2-10 alkenyl; heterocyclic, heterocyclic C 1-4 alkyl; heterocyclicC 2-10 alkenyl;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
