1118-12-3Relevant articles and documents
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Berndt,D.C.,Shechter,H.
, p. 916 - 918 (1964)
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Catalytic hydration of cyanamides with phosphinous acid-based ruthenium(ii) and osmium(ii) complexes: scope and mechanistic insights
álvarez, Daniel,Cadierno, Victorio,Crochet, Pascale,González-Fernández, Rebeca,López, Ramón,Menéndez, M. Isabel
, p. 4084 - 4098 (2020)
The synthesis of a large variety of ureas R1R2NC(O)NH2 (R1 and R2 = alkyl, aryl or H; 26 examples) was successfully accomplished by hydration of the corresponding cyanamides R1R2NCN using the phosphinous acid-based complexes [MCl2(η6-p-cymene)(PMe2OH)] (M = Ru (1), Os (2)) as catalysts. The reactions proceeded cleanly under mild conditions (40-70 °C), in the absence of any additive, employing low metal loadings (1 molpercent) and water as the sole solvent. In almost all the cases, the osmium complex 2 featured a superior reactivity in comparison to that of its ruthenium counterpart 1. In addition, for both catalysts, the reaction rates observed for the hydration of the cyanamide substrates were remarkably faster than those involving classical aliphatic and aromatic nitriles. Computational studies allowed us to rationalize all these trends. Thus, the calculations indicated that the presence of a nitrogen atom directly linked to the CN bond depopulates electronically the nitrile carbon by inductive effect when coordinated to the metal center, thus favouring the intramolecular nucleophilic attack of the OH group of the phosphinous acid ligand to this carbon. On the other hand, the higher reactivity of Os vs. Ru seems to be related with the lower ring strain on the incipient metallacycle that starts to form in the transition state associated with this key step in the catalytic cycle. Indirect experimental evidence of the generation of the metallacyclic intermediates was obtained by studying the reactivity of [RuCl2(η6-p-cymene)(PMe2OH)] (1) towards dimethylcyanamide in methanol and ethanol. The reactions afforded compounds [RuCl(η6-p-cymene)(PMe2OR)(NCNMe2)][SbF6] (R = Me (5a), Et (5b)), resulting from the alcoholysis of the metallacycle, which could be characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This journal is
Reaction of N-alkyl-N′-(trimethylsilyl)carbodiimides with nitrating agents. The synthesis of N-(tert-butyl)-N′-nitrocarbodiimide
Churakov,Ioffe,Voronin,Tartakovsky
, p. 56 - 60 (2018)
Reaction of N-Alk-N′-(trimethylsilyl)carbodiimides (Alk = Me, But) with nitrating agents (N2O5, (NO2)2SiF6) affords alkyl(nitro)cyanamides and N-alkyl-N′-nitrocarbodiimides. The product ratio depends on the reaction conditions. N-(tert-butyl)-N′-nitrocarbodiimide can be obtained in almost pure form. This compound is stable at temperatures below 10 °C. Its structure was confirmed by 1Н, 13C, and 14N NMR. The reaction of N-(tert-butyl)-N′-nitrocarbodiimide with amines provides a new route to N-alkyl(aryl)-substituted N′-(tert-butyl)-N″-nitroguanidines.
A Physical Organic Approach to Tuning Reagents for Selective and Stable Methionine Bioconjugation
Christian, Alec H.,Jia, Shang,Cao, Wendy,Zhang, Patricia,Meza, Arismel Tena,Sigman, Matthew S.,Chang, Christopher J.,Toste, F. Dean
supporting information, p. 12657 - 12662 (2019/09/04)
We report a data-driven, physical organic approach to the development of new methionine-selective bioconjugation reagents with tunable adduct stabilities. Statistical modeling of structural features described by intrinsic physical organic parameters was applied to the development of a predictive model and to gain insight into features driving the stability of adducts formed from the chemoselective coupling of oxaziridine and methionine thioether partners through Redox Activated Chemical Tagging (ReACT). From these analyses, a correlation between sulfimide stabilities and sulfimide ν (C=O) stretching frequencies was revealed. We exploited the rational gains in adduct stability exposed by this analysis to achieve the design and synthesis of a bis-oxaziridine reagent for peptide stapling. Indeed, we observed that a macrocyclic peptide formed by ReACT stapling at methionine exhibited improved uptake into live cells compared to an unstapled congener, highlighting the potential utility of this unique chemical tool for thioether modification. This work provides a template for the broader use of data-driven approaches to bioconjugation chemistry and other chemical biology applications.