112896-16-9Relevant articles and documents
Preparation, reactivity, hydroformylation catalysis, and structural studies of the early transition metal/late transition metal heterobimetallic complexes Cp2M(μ-PR2)2M′H(CO)PPh3 (M = Zr, Hf; M′ = Rh, Ir)
Gelmini, Lucio,Stephan, Douglas W.
, p. 849 - 855 (2008/10/08)
A series of complexes of the form Cp2M(μ-PR2)2M′H(CO)PPh3 (1) have been prepared. Complexes 2-7 [M = Zr, R = Ph, M′ = Rh (2); M′ = Ir (3); R = Cy, M′ = Rh, (4); M = Hf, R = Ph, M′ = Ir (5); M′ = Rh (6); R = Cy (7)] have been characterized by IR, UV-vis, 31P{1H} NMR, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Compound 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 16.398 (3) A?, b = 20.953 (6) A?, c = 13.560 (4) A?, β = 103.48 (2)°, and Z = 4. The hafnium analogue of 2 (i.e., 6) is isostructural to 2 and also crystallizes in the space group P21/n with a = 16.372 (2) A?, b =20.931 (4) A?, c = 13.588 (3) A?, β = 103.68 (1)° and Z = 4. Substitution reactions involving replacement of the phosphine bound to Rh in 2 with either more basic phosphines (PEt3, PCy3) or CO have been studied. The substitution products Cp2Zr(μ-PPh2)2RhH(CO)PR3 [R = Et (8), R = Cy (9), and Cp2Zr(μ-PPh2)2RhH(CO)2 (10)] have been characterized. Compound 2 is a catalyst precursor for the catalysis of the hydroformylation of 1-hexene. Although the rate of catalysis is slower for this heterobimetallic catalyst than for related monometallic Rh species, the selectivity for terminal aldehydes is significantly greater. Aspects of the mechanism of catalysis are discussed in light of the structural and chemical data, and the role of the early metal in this chemistry is considered.