1182-65-6Relevant articles and documents
Liposomes actively recognizing the glucose transporter GLUT1 and integrin αvβ3 for dual-targeting of glioma
Fu, Qiuyi,Zhao, Yi,Yang, Zhongzhen,Yue, Qiming,Xiao, Wenjiao,Chen, Yang,Yang, Yang,Guo, Li,Wu, Yong
, (2019)
The treatment of glioma is a great challenge because of the existence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). In order to develop an efficient glioma-targeting drug delivery system to greatly improve the brain permeability of anti-cancer drugs and target glioma, a novel glioma-targeted glucose-RGD (Glu-RGD) derivative was designed and synthesized as ligand for preparing liposomes to effectively deliver paclitaxel (PTX) to cross the BBB and target glioma. The liposomes were prepared and characterized for particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, release profile, stability, hemolysis, and cell cytotoxicity. Also, the Glu-RGD modified liposomes showed superior targeting ability in in vitro and in vivo evaluation as compared to naked PTX, non-coated, singly modified liposomes and liposomes co-modified by physical blending. The relative uptake efficiency and concentration efficiency were enhanced by 4.41- and 4.72-fold compared to that of naked PTX, respectively. What is more, the Glu-RGD modified liposomes also displayed the maximum accumulation of DiD-loaded liposomes at tumor sites compared to the other groups in in vivo imaging. All the results in vitro and in vivo suggested that Glu-RGD-Lip would be a potential delivery system for PTX to treat integrin αvβ3-overexpressing tumor-bearing mice.
The synthesis of cholesterol-based cationic lipids with trimethylamine head and the effect of spacer structures on transfection efficiency
Kim, Bieong-Kil,Bae, Yun-Ui,Doh, Kyung-Oh,Hwang, Guen-Bae,Lee, Sung-Hye,Kang, Hyungu,Seu, Young-Bae
, p. 3734 - 3737 (2011)
Five cholesterol-based cationic lipids were newly synthesized based on cholest-5-en-3β-oxyethane-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide (Chol-ETA) structure where the cholesterol backbone is linked to cationic head via various lengths of ether-linked carbon spacer. The transfection efficiency of these compounds was increased in order of three (Chol-PRO) four (Chol-BTA) two (Chol-ETA) methylene unit in their spacer, and was decreased by an addition of isomethyl group to Chol-PRO spacer. In case of the presence of multiple bonds in the spacer, it required the more cationic lipids in liposome formulation than single bond in the spacer to present similar transfection efficiency. Crown Copyright
Efficacious Doxorubicin Delivery Using Glutathione-Responsive Hollow Non-phospholipid Vesicles Bearing Lipoyl Cholesterols
Kumar, Krishan,Yadav, Lalit,Kondaiah, Paturu,Chaudhary, Sandeep
, p. 1633 - 1640 (2019)
In this study, we developed redox-sensitive vesicles using synthesised lipoyl cholesterol derivatives, a non-ionic surfactant and an optimum level of free cholesterol. Interestingly, concentration-dependent self-assembly was observed by scanning electron microscopy, wherein vesicles manifested as hollow spherical (at 0.15 mm) and triangular (0.50 mm). The redoxresponsive characteristics of the vesicles was probed in the presence of dithiothreitol; they underwent a clear increase in size as observed by dynamic light scattering measurements. These vesicles could easily encapsulate an anticancer drug, doxorubicin, and were observed to be stable in the presence of serum. They showed substantial release of the drug in response to biologically relevant stimulus, that is, glutathione. A toxicity assessment on HeLa and HepG2 cancer cells demonstrated activities of the drug-loaded vesicles comparable to that of free drug, whereas significantly enhanced toxicity and apoptotic induction were observed against drug-resistant HeLa cells, which was determined by studying the cellular internalisation of doxorubicin.
Identification and characterization of β-sitosterol target proteins
Lomenick, Brett,Shi, Heping,Huang, Jing,Chen, Chuo
, p. 4976 - 4979 (2015)
β-Sitosterol is the most abundant plant sterol in the human diet. It is also the major component of several traditional medicines, including saw palmetto and devil's claw. Although β-sitosterol is effective against enlarged prostate in human clinical trials and has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities, the mechanisms of action are poorly understood. Here, we report the identification of two new binding proteins for β-sitosterol that may underlie its beneficial effects.
Differential response of cholesterol based pyrimidine systems with oxyethylene type spacers to gelation and mesogen formation in the presence of alkali metal ions
Datta, Sougata,Bhattacharya, Santanu
, p. 1945 - 1953 (2015)
A new series of lipophilic cholesteryl derivatives of 2,4,6-trichloro-pyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde has been synthesized. Oxyethylene spacers of variable lengths were inserted between the hydrogen bonding promoting pyrimidine core and the cholesteryl tail in order to understand their effect on the self-assembly of these compounds. Only compound 1a with the shortest spacer formed a gel in organic solvents such as n-butanol and n-dodecane. While other members (1b and c) having longer spacers led to sol formation and precipitation in n-butanol and n-dodecane respectively. The self-assembly phenomena associated with the gelation process were investigated using temperature-dependent UV-Vis and CD-spectroscopy. The morphological features of the freeze-dried gels obtained from different organic solvents were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The solid phase behaviours of these molecules and their associated alkali metal ion complexes were explored using polarized optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The molecular arrangements in the xerogel and in the solid state were further probed using a wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) technique. Analysis of the wide-angle X-ray diffraction data reveals that this class of molecules adopts a hexagonal columnar organization in the gel and in the solid state. Each slice of these hexagonal columnar structures is composed of a dimeric molecular-assembly as a building block. Significant changes in the conformation of the oxyethylene chains could be triggered via the coordination of selected alkali metal ions. This led to the production of interesting metal ion promoted mesogenic behaviour.
Synthesis and properties of isocannabinoid and cholesterol derivatized rhamnosurfactants: Application to liposomal targeting of keratinocytes and skin
Barragan-Montero, Veronique,Winum, Jean-Yves,Moles, Jean-Pierre,Juan, Emmanuelle,Clavel, Caroline,Montero, Jean-Louis
, p. 1022 - 1029 (2005)
The usefulness of vesicles to cargo material depends on the design of new ligands able to incorporate easily inside the bilayer and also to direct the vesicles to the targeted site. Therefore, the synthesis of two new rhamnose-bearing surfactants is described. The hydrophobic part consists of cholesterol (in compound 3) and citrylidene phloroglucinol (in compound 6). The ability of these two rhamnolipids to incorporate into a DPPC membrane and to form aggregates is investigated, respectively, by differential scanning calorimetry and by surface tension measurements. Those two new surfactants were incorporated in fluorescent liposomes to study their interactions with keratinocytes and skin sections. Intraliposomal delivery to keratinocytes was observed in both cases, even if the kinetics of delivery were different according to the rhamnosurfactant used. Skin sections were stained by both liposomal formulations, and different interactions between the liposomes and skin cells according to the surfactant used were noted.
Chlorin e6-cholesterol conjugate and its copper complex. Simple synthesis and entrapping in phospholipid vesicles
Nikolaeva, Irina A.,Misharin, Alexander Yu.,Ponomarev, Gelii V.,Timofeev, Vladimir P.,Tkachev, Yaroslav V.
, p. 2872 - 2875 (2010)
Synthesis of 13′[(cholest-5-en)-3β-yloxyethoxycarbamoyl]-chlorin e6 starting from methylpheophorbide and 3β(2-hydroxy)-ethoxycholest-5-ene is presented, as well as the preparation of related copper complex. Both conjugates obtained may be simply incorporated in phosphatidyl choline vesicles.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation for docetaxel-loaded brain targeting liposome with "lock-in" function
Li, Xiaocen,Qu, Boyi,Jin, Xiuxiu,Hai, Li,Wu, Yong
, p. 251 - 261 (2014)
Background: Glucose-modified liposome showed a good brain-targeting ability. However, bidirectional transport of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) might reversely pump drugs out of the brain before releasing from the liposomes. Purpose: To overcome the bidirectional delivery of GLUT1, the thiamine disulfide system (TDS), with ability of "lock-in", was introduced and a new ligand, L-TDS-G, was designed and synthesized. Methods: The liposome was prepared and characterized for particle size, zeta potential, surface morphological property, encapsulation efficiency and release profile. C6 glioma cells were used as an in vitro model to access the cellular uptake abilities and cytotoxicity of the liposomes. Competition assay was performed to validate the GLUT1-mediated transport mechanism. Furthermore, the brain targeting abilities of the liposomes were evaluated through in vivo. Results: The preliminary evaluation in vivo demonstrated that L-TDS-G-coated liposome has an improved targeting ability and significantly increased the area under the concentration-time of docetaxel in brain as compared to naked docetaxel, non-coated and L-G coated liposomes. The relative uptake efficiency and concentration efficiency were enhanced by 3.82- and 4.99-fold compared to that of naked docetaxel, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that L-TDS-G-coated liposome is a promising drug delivery system to enhance the brain concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents.
Synthesis of Triaromatic Steroid Hydrocarbons Methylated at Position 2, 3 or 6: Molecular Fossils of Yet Unknown Biological Origin.
Lichtfouse, Eric,Albrecht, Pierre
, p. 1731 - 1744 (1994)
C21-29 triaromatic steroid hydrocarbons bearing a methyl group at unusual positions 2, 3 or 6 have been synthesized from pregnenolone, cholesterol or stigmasterol via stera-3,5-dienes.Their occurence in various sedimentary rocks and petroleums suggests the presence of yet unknown biological precursors.
In vitro and in vivo investigation of glucose-mediated brain-targeting liposomes
Qin, Yao,Fan, Wei,Chen, Huali,Yao, Nian,Tang, Wenwei,Tang, Jie,Yuan, Wenmin,Kuai, Rui,Zhang, Zhirong,Wu, Yong,He, Qin
, p. 536 - 549 (2010)
New glycosyl derivative of cholesterol was synthesized as a material for preparing novel liposome to overcome the ineffective delivery of normal drug formulations to brain by targeting the (glucose transporters) GLUTs on the BBB. Coumarin-6 was used as fluorescent probe. The results have shown that the cytotoxicity for the brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) of the glucose-mediated brain targeting liposome containing coumarin-6 was less than that of conventional liposome. The BBB model in vitro was established by coculturing of BCECs and astrocytes (ACs) of rat to test the transendothelial ability crossing the BBB. The transendothelial ability was confirmed strengthen alone with the amount of the new glycosyl derivative of cholesterol used in liposome. After i.v. administration of LIP, control liposome (CLP), and GLP-4, the AUC0t of coumarin-6 for GLP-4 was 2.85 times higher than that of LIP, and 3.33 times higher than that of CLP. The Cmax of CLP-4 was 1.43 times higher than that of LIP, and 3.10 times higher than that of CLP. Both pharmacokinetics and distribution in mice were also investigated to show that this novel brain targeting drug delivery system was promising.
Tarle et al.
, p. 2954 (1975)
Syntheses, transfection efficacy and cell toxicity properties of novel cholesterol-based gemini lipids having hydroxyethyl head group
Biswas, Joydeep,Mishra, Santosh K.,Kondaiah, Paturu,Bhattacharya, Santanu
, p. 4600 - 4613 (2011)
We have synthesized five new cholesterol based gemini cationic lipids possessing hydroxyethyl (-CH2CH2OH) function on each head group, which differ in the length of the polymethylene spacer chain. These gemini lipids are important for gene delivery processes as they possess pre-optimized molecular features, e.g., cholesterol backbone, ether linkage and a variable spacer chain between both the headgroups of the gemini lipids. Cationic liposomes were prepared from each of these lipids individually and as a mixture of individual cationic gemini lipid and 1,2-dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE). Each gemini lipid based formulation induced better transfection activity than that of their monomeric counterpart. One such gemini lipid with a -(CH2)12- spacer, HG-12, showed dramatic increase in the mean fluorescence intensity due to the expression of green-fluorescence protein (GFP) in the presence of 10% FBS compared to the conditions where there was no serum. Other gemini lipids retained their gene transfection efficiency without any marked decrease in the presence of serum. The only exception was seen with the gemini with a -(CH2) 3- spacer, HG-3, which on gene transfection in the presence of 10% FBS lost ～70% of its transfection efficiency. Overall the gemini lipid with a -(CH2)5- spacer, HG-5, showed the highest transfection activity at N/P (lipid/DNA) ratio of 0.5 and lipid:DOPE molar ratio of 2. Upon comparison of the relevant parameters, e.g., %-transfected cells, the amount of DNA transfected to each cell and %-cell viability all together against Lipofectamine 2000, one of the best commercial transfecting agents, the optimized lipid formulation based on DOPE/HG-5 was found to be comparable. In terms of its ability to induce gene-transfer in the presence of serum and shelf-life DOPE/HG-5 liposome was found to be superior to its commercial counterpart. Confocal imaging analysis confirmed that in the presence of 10% serum using a Lipid:DOPE of 1:4 and N/P charge ratio of 0.75 with 1.2 μg DNA per well, HG-5 is better than Lipofectamine 2000.
Liposomes modified with double-branched biotin: A novel and effective way to promote breast cancer targeting
Lu, Runxin,Zhou, Lin,Yue, Qiming,Liu,Cai, Xiaojing,Xiao, Wenjiao,Hai, Li,Guo, Li,Wu, Yong
, p. 3115 - 3127 (2019)
Although active targeting liposomes with cancer-specific ligands can bind and internalize into cancer cells, only a few high-efficiency liposomes have been developed so far because traditional single branched ligand modified liposomes generally failed to deliver adequate therapeutic payload. In this paper, we broke the traditional design concept and synthesized the double branched biotin modified cholesterol (Bio2-Chol) for the first time. On this basis, different biotin density modified liposomes ((Bio-Chol)Lip, (Bio-Chol)2Lip and (Bio2-Chol)Lip) were successfully prepared and used as active targeting drug delivery systems for the treatment of breast cancer. The in vitro and in vivo breast cancer-targeting ability of these liposomes were systemically studied using paclitaxel (PTX) as the model drug. And the uptake mechanism of (Bio2-Chol)Lip was investigated. The results showed that (Bio2-Chol)Lip had the best breast cancer-targeting ability compared with naked paclitaxel, unmodified Lip, (Bio-Chol)Lip and (Bio-Chol)2Lip. In particular, the relative uptake efficiency (RE) and concentration efficiency (CE) of (Bio2-Chol)Lip were respectively enhanced by 5.61- and 5.06-fold compared to that of naked paclitaxel. Both distribution data and pharmacokinetic parameters suggested that the double branched biotin modified liposome ((Bio2-Chol)Lip) is a very promising drug delivery carrier for breast cancer.
Novel galactosylated poly(ethylene glycol)-cholesterol for liposomes as a drug carrier for hepatocyte-targeting
Zhang, Huafang,Xiao, Yan,Cui, Shengmiao,Zhou, Yuefang,Zeng, Ke,Yan, Mina,Zhao, Chunshun
, p. 4058 - 4069 (2015)
In this study, three types of galactosylated cholesterol (i.e., gal-PEG194-chol, gal-PEG1000-chol and gal-PEG2000-chol) were synthesized with one terminal of polyethylene glycol of various chain lengths conjugated to the galactoside moiety, and the other terminal conjugated to the cholesterol. The galactose-modified liposomes were prepared by thin film-hydration method and doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded to the liposomes by using a ammonium sulfate gradient procedure. The liposomal formulations with galactosylated cholesterol were characterized. Flow cytometry and laser confocal scanning microscopy analyses showed that the galactose-modified liposomes facilitated the intracellular uptake of liposomes into HepG2 via asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) mediated endocytosis. Cytotoxicity assay showed that the cell proliferation inhibition effect of galactosemodified liposomes was higher than that of the unmodified liposomes. Additionally, the study on frozen section of liver showed that the galactose-modified liposomes enhanced the intracellular uptake of liposomes into hepatocytes. Taken together, these results suggested that liposomes containing such galactosylated cholesterol (i.e., gal-PEG-chol), had a great potential as drug delivery carriers for hepatocyte-selective targeting.
Preparation and application of brain glioma targeting berberine and folic acid modified lipid material
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Paragraph 0010; 0027, (2021/09/21)
The invention discloses preparation and application of a brain glioma targeting berberine and folic acid modified lipid material, and can be used for preparing lipidosome modified by brain glioma targeting Tween 80 coated berberine and folic acid. The liposome surface is coated with Tween 80 and can pass through the blood-brain barrier effectively through receptor-mediated endocytosis after binding with low density lipoprotein receptors to deliver the drug to the brain. In addition, the liposome uses folic acid and berberine to modify brain glioma targeting and mitochondrial targeting capacity of the liposome, and the long chain of polyethylene glycol is introduced to stabilize the liposome. A new thought and a method can be provided for targeted therapy of glioma, and a wide application prospect is provided. pH MDR. The utility model can provide a new idea and a method for targeted therapy of brain glioma.
GLUTATHIONE-CHOLESTEROL DERIVATIVES AS BRAIN TARGETING AGENTS
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Paragraph 0108-0112, (2020/02/27)
The present invention describes compositions containing cholesterol-linker-glutathione conjugates for targeting the brain by overcoming barrier entry to the CNS through the blood brain barrier (BBB), including micelle and liposome forms of such compositions. In addition, methods for treating subjects by administering such compositions are also disclosed.
