134381-21-8 Usage
Description
Epoxomicin (134381-21-8) is a potent, selective and cell permeable irreversible inhibitor of the 20S proteasome.1 It does not inhibit non-proteasomal proteases such as papain, chymotrypsin, trypsin, calpain and cathepsin B at concentrations up to 50 μM.1 Epoxomicin was isolated from Actinomycete strain Q996-17 and displayed in vivo antitumor activity against B16 melanoma cells.2 Epoxomicin caused a progressive model of Parkinson’s disease in various systems.3,4,5 This model has been disputed.6,7
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 134381-21-8 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. In studies of proteasome biology.
2. Epoxomicin has been used:as an ubiquitin–proteosome system (UPS) inhibitor in pheochromocytoma PC12 cellsas a proteasome inhibitor in mammary epithelial MCF-10A cellsas a proteasome inhibitor in chymotryptic assay in cardiomyocytes
Definition
ChEBI: A tripeptide consisting of an Ile-Ile-Thr-NH2 sequence N-substituted on the threonamide amidic nitrogen with a (2S)-4-methyl-1-[(2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl]-1-oxopentan-2-yl group and with acetyl and meth
l groups on the nitrogen of the isoleucine residue distal to the threonamide; a naturally occurring selective proteasome inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity.
General Description
Epoxomicin is a linear peptide consisting of a threonine or serine residue with α′, β′-epoxyketone?derived from leucine or a γ,δ-dehydroleucine. It is a natural product isolated from?Actinomyces?sp., and is a cell-permeable, potent, selective and irreversible proteasome inhibitor.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Epoxomicin binds covalently to the catalytic subunits of proteasome. It forms an adduct with target proteins. It inhibits chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome. Epoxomicin also inhibits the nuclear factor κ light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) mediated proinflammatory signalling pathway. It is also a potent antitumor and anti-inflammatory agent.
References
1) Meng et al. (1999), Epoxomicin, a potent and selective proteasome inhibitor, exhibits in vivo anti-inflammatory activity; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96 10403
2) Hanada et al. (1992), Epoxomicin, a new antitumor agent of microbial origin; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 45 1746
3) McNaught et al. (2004), Systemic exposure to proteasome inhibitors causes a progressive model of Parkinson’s disease; Ann. Neurol., 56 149
4) Matsui et al. (2010), Proteasome inhibition in medaka brain induces the features of Parkinson’s disease; J. Neurochem., 115 178
5) Metcalfe et al. (2012), Coordination between proteasome impairment and caspase activation leading to TAU pathology:neuroprotection by cAMP; Cell Death Diff., 3 e326
6) Kordower et al. (2006), Failure of proteasome inhibitor administration to provide a model of Parkinson’s disease in rats and monkeys; Ann. Neurol., 60 264
7) Bove et al. (2006), Proteasome inhibition and Parkinson’s disease modeling; Ann. Neurol., 60 260
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 134381-21-8 includes 9 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 6 digits, 1,3,4,3,8 and 1 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 2 and 1 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 134381-21:
(8*1)+(7*3)+(6*4)+(5*3)+(4*8)+(3*1)+(2*2)+(1*1)=108
108 % 10 = 8
So 134381-21-8 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C28H50N4O7/c1-11-16(5)21(30-27(38)23(17(6)12-2)32(10)19(8)34)25(36)31-26(37)22(18(7)33)29-20(13-15(3)4)24(35)28(9)14-39-28/h15-18,20-23,29,33H,11-14H2,1-10H3,(H,30,38)(H,31,36,37)/t16-,17-,18+,20?,21-,22-,23-,28+/m0/s1
