141396-05-6Relevant articles and documents
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Shieh,Price
, p. 1168,1169 (1959)
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Kinetic resolution of 1,2-diols using nitrogen-tethered bisimidazoline-copper(I) catalyzed benzoylation
Arai, Takayoshi,Mizukami, Tomoe,Mishiro, Asami,Yanagisawa, Akira
experimental part, p. 995 - 1000 (2009/06/28)
Nitrogen-tethered bisimidazoline (Nb-imidazoline) ligand was utilized in the Cu(I)-catalyzed benzoylation of 1,2-diols. With the assistance of i-Pr2NEt, the reaction of rac-1,2-diols with o-methylbenzoyl chloride was smoothly catalyzed by Nb-imidazoline-CuCl in CH2Cl2 to give the corresponding o-methylbenzoylated secondary alcohols in up to 79% ee.
Ketoreductases: Stereoselective catalysts for the facile synthesis of chiral alcohols
Kaluzna, Iwona A.,David Rozzell,Kambourakis, Spiros
, p. 3682 - 3689 (2007/10/03)
The results of a reduction of a wide range of ketones using 31 commercially available isolated ketoreductases (KREDs) are presented. All enzymes accepted a wide substrate range. The stereoselectivity of each enzyme was measured for the reduction of benzoyl-hydroxyacetone and ethyl-3-oxobutanoate, and in each case, enzymes which produce enantiomerically pure (R)- and (S)-alcohols were found. The preparative scale reactions were investigated using two ketones with different hydrophobicities (benzoyl-hydroxyacetone and α-tetralone) and using enzymes with varying specific activities for their reduction. Regardless of the hydrophobicity of the substrate, high titers of ketone (0.75-1.4 M) were reduced in high yield using catalytic amounts of enzyme (1-7% g/g relative to substrate) and cofactor (0.1-0.2% equiv. relative to ketone) within 4-24 h. The cofactor was efficiently regenerated in situ via the oxidation of glucose by glucose dehydrogenase, an enzyme that has also been cloned and over-expressed. These results show that isolated ketoreductases can be quickly and easily screened against target ketones, and the reactions can be scaled to produce preparative amounts of chiral alcohols. Ketoreductase enzymes should become a standard addition to the organic chemists toolbox of asymmetric catalysts for stereoselective ketone reduction.
