16941-12-1 Usage
Chemical Description
Chloroplatinic acid and hexachloroplatinic acid are catalysts used in the reactions.
Description
Chloroplatinic acid, also known as chloroplatinic(VI) acid or hexachloroplatinic acid, is a reddish-brown solid with the chemical formula H2PtCl6. It is soluble in water, yielding a mildly acidic solution. Chloroplatinic acid is a compound with various applications due to its unique chemical properties and is considered one of the most commercially important compounds of platinum.
Uses
1. Used in Chemical Synthesis:
Chloroplatinic acid is used as a precursor for the preparation of most platinum salts and complexes, which are essential in various chemical reactions and applications.
2. Used in Electroplating:
Chloroplatinic acid is used as an electroplating bath for the plating and coating of platinum, providing a durable and corrosion-resistant finish to various materials.
3. Used in Catalysis:
Chloroplatinic acid serves as a catalyst precursor for the reaction of silyl hydrides with olefins, known as hydrosilylation, which is an essential process in the synthesis of various organic compounds.
4. Used in Analytical Chemistry:
Chloroplatinic acid is utilized for the determination of potassium, a vital element in various chemical and biological processes.
5. Used in Photography and Mirrors:
Chloroplatinic acid is employed in the photography industry and for the production of platinum mirrors, providing high-quality images and reflective surfaces.
6. Used in Decorative Applications:
Chloroplatinic acid is used to create a platinum luster on glass and porcelain, adding a luxurious and durable finish to these materials.
7. Used in Manufacturing Acetic Acid:
Chloroplatinic acid is used in the production of platinized carbon, which is a catalyst in the manufacture of acetic acid, an essential chemical used in various industries.
8. Used in Catalyst Preparation:
Chloroplatinic acid is used for platinizing pumice stone or asbestos, serving as a catalyst in the manufacture of sulfur trioxide (SO3).
9. Used in Ink Production:
Chloroplatinic acid is used for manufacturing indelible ink, which is essential for applications requiring long-lasting and resistant markings.
10. Used in Etching:
Chloroplatinic acid is employed in relief etching of zinc for artistic and commercial purposes, providing intricate and detailed designs on various products.
11. Used in Fine Porcelains and Photography:
Chloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6) is utilized in the coloring of fine porcelains and has applications in photography, mirrors, and as a catalyst.
Air & Water Reactions
Soluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
Oxidizing acids are generally soluble in water with the release of hydrogen ions. The resulting solutions have pH's of less than 7.0. Materials in this group react with chemical bases (for example: amines and inorganic hydroxides) to form salts. These neutralization reactions occur as the base accepts hydrogen ions that the acid donates. Neutralizations can generate dangerously large amounts of heat in small spaces. The dissolution of acids in water or the dilution of their concentrated solutions with water may generate significant heat. The addition of water acids often generates sufficient heat in the small region of mixing to boil some of the water explosively. The resulting "bumping" spatters acid widely. These materials have significant ability as oxidizing agents. but that ability varies (for example, from high for nitric acid to low for sulfuric acid and most sulfonic acids). They can react with active metals, including iron and aluminum, and also many less active metals, to dissolve the metal and liberate hydrogen and/or toxic gases. Like other acids, materials in this group can initiate polymerization in certain classes of organic compounds. Their reactions with cyanide salts and compounds release gaseous hydrogen cyanide. Flammable and/or toxic gases are also often generated by their reactions with dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, nitriles, sulfides, and weak or strong reducing agents. Additional gas-generating reactions occur with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), and even carbonates: the carbon dioxide gas from the last is nontoxic but the heat and spattering from the reaction can be troublesome. Acids often catalyze (increase the rate) of chemical reactions.
Health Hazard
TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
Fire Hazard
Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.
Flammability and Explosibility
Nonflammable
Safety Profile
Poison by intravenous
and intraperitoneal routes. Mutation data
reported. See PLATINUM COMPOUNDS
and CHLORIDES. Incompatible with BrF3.
When heated to decomposition it emits
toxic fumes of Cl-.
Potential Exposure
Chloroplatinic acid has many uses, among them are platinum plating, photography, and catalysis.
Shipping
UN2507 Chloroplatinic acid, solid, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material.
Purification Methods
If it is to be purified, or regenerated from Pt recovered from catalytic hydrogenations, it should be dissolved in aqua regia followed by evaporation to dryness and dissolution in the minimum volume of H2O. Then the aqueous solution is treated with saturated ammonium chloride until all the ammonium hexachloroplatinate separates. The (NH4)2PtCl6 is filtered off and dried at 100o. Igniting this salt gives Pt sponge; dissolve the Pt sponge in aqua regia, boil to dryness, dissolve the residue in concentrated HCl, boil to dryness again and repeat the process. Protect it from light. [Hickers J Am Chem Soc 43 1268 1921, Adams et al. Org Synth Coll Vol I 463, 466 1941, Bruce J Am Chem Soc 58 687 1936.]
Incompatibilities
Oxidizing acids are generally soluble in water with the release of hydrogen ions. The resulting solutions have pH’s of <7.0. Materials in this group react with chemical bases (e.g., amines and inorganic hydroxides) to form salts. These neutralization reactions occur as the base accepts hydrogen ions that the acid donates. Neutralizations can generate dangerously large amounts of heat in small spaces. The dissolution of acids in water or the dilution of their concentrated solutions with water may generate significant heat. The addition of water acids often generates sufficient heat in the small region of mixing to boil some of the water explosively. The resulting “bumping” spatters acid widely. These materials have significant ability as oxidizing agents. but that ability varies (e.g., from high for nitric acid to low for sulfuric acid and most sulfonic acids). They can react with active metals, including iron and aluminum, and also many less active metals, to dissolve the metal and liberate hydrogen and/or toxic gases. Like other acids, materials in this group can initiate polymerization in certain classes of organic compounds. Their reactions with cyanide salts and compounds release gaseous hydrogen cyanide. Flammable and/or toxic gases are also often generated by their reactions with dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, nitriles, sulfides, and weak or strong reducing agents. Additional gas-generating reactions occur with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), and even carbonates: the carbon dioxide gas from the last is nontoxic but the heat and spattering from the reaction can be troublesome. Acids often catalyze (increase the rate) of chemical reactions.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 16941-12-1 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 1,6,9,4 and 1 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 1 and 2 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 16941-12:
(7*1)+(6*6)+(5*9)+(4*4)+(3*1)+(2*1)+(1*2)=111
111 % 10 = 1
So 16941-12-1 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/6ClH.6H2O.Pt/h6*1H;6*1H2;/q;;;;;;;;;;;;+4/p-4
