177704-09-5Relevant articles and documents
Hybridization of β-Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists Confers G Protein Bias
Stanek, Markus,Picard, Louis-Philippe,Schmidt, Maximilian F.,Kaindl, Jonas M.,Hübner, Harald,Bouvier, Michel,Weikert, Dorothée,Gmeiner, Peter
, p. 5111 - 5131 (2019/05/28)
Starting from the β-adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline and beta-blocker carvedilol, we designed and synthesized three different chemotypes of agonist/antagonist hybrids. Investigations of ligand-mediated receptor activation using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer biosensors revealed a predominant effect of the aromatic head group on the intrinsic activity of our ligands, as ligands with a carvedilol head group were devoid of agonistic activity. Ligands composed of a catechol head group and an antagonist-like oxypropylene spacer possess significant intrinsic activity for the activation of Gαs, while they only show weak or even no β-arrestin-2 recruitment at both β1- and β2-AR. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the difference in G protein efficacy and β-arrestin recruitment of the hybrid (S)-22, the full agonist epinephrine, and the β2-selective, G protein-biased partial agonist salmeterol depends on specific hydrogen bonding between Ser5.46 and Asn6.55, and the aromatic head group of the ligands.
Synthesis and β-adrenoceptor agonist properties of (±)-1-(3',4'- dihydroxyphenoxy)-3-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl) ethylamino-2-propanol hydrochloride, (±)-RO363.HCl, and the (2S)-(-)-isomer
Iakovidis, Dimitri,Louis, Simon N. S.,Rezmann, Linda A.,Colagrande, Felicia,Nero, Tracy L.,Jackman, Graham P.,Louis, William J.
, p. 539 - 548 (2007/10/03)
The synthesis of (±)-1-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenoxy)-3-(3',4'- dimethoxyphenyl)ethylamino-2-propanol hydrochloride, (±)RO363.HCl, and the (2S)-(-)-isomer is described for the first time. The binding affinities for (±)-RO363.HCl, (2S)-(-)-RO363.HCl and a number of well known β-adrenoceptor agonists for transfected humanβ1,-, β2- and β3-adrenoceptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells have been determined and compared with the functional potencies in rat atria (β1) and trachea (β2). The results indicate that both (±)-RO363 and (2S)-(-)-RO363 are selective for the human and rat β1-adrenoceptors. The (2S)-(-)-isomer of RO363, as expected, has a higher binding affinity for the human and functional potency for rat β- adrenoceptor subtypes than the racemate. However, in contrast to the catecholamines and formoterol, the functional potency of the racemic mixture and its (-)-enantiomer are not significantly different from their binding affinity, suggesting that they are examples of partial agonists with sufficient intrinsic activity to produce full agonist responses.