206751-91-9Relevant articles and documents
Chemical synthesis of 4-azido-β-galactosamine derivatives for inhibitors of N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase
Hor, Seanghai,Kodama, Takumi,Sugiura, Nobuo,Kondou, Hikaru,Yanagida, Mio,Yanagisawa, Keiya,Shibasawa, Aoki,Tsuzuki, Bunta,Fukatsu, Naoto,Nagao, Kazuya,Yamana, Kenji,Hidari, Kazuya I. P. J.,Watanabe, Hideto,Habuchi, Osami,Nakano, Hirofumi
, p. 477 - 491 (2018/09/20)
Chondroitin sulfate E (CS-E) plays a crucial role in diverse processes ranging from viral infection to neuroregeneration. Its regiospecific sulfation pattern, generated by N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase (GalNAc4S-6ST), is the main structural determinant of its biological activity. Inhibitors of GalNAc4S-6ST can serve as powerful tools for understanding physiological functions of CS-E and its potential therapeutic leads for human diseases. A family of new 4-acylamino-β-GalNAc derivatives and 4-azido-β-GalNAc derivatives were synthesized for their potential application as inhibitors of GalNAc4S-6ST. The target compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against GalNAc4S-6ST. The results revealed that 4-pivaloylamino- and 4-azido-β-GalNAc derivatives displayed evident activities against GalNAc4S-6ST with IC50 value ranging from 0.800 to 0.828?mM. They showed higher activities than benzyl D-GalNAc4S that was used as control.
Elucidation of the mechanism of polysaccharide cleavage by chondroitin AC lyase from Flavobacterium heparinum
Rye, Carl S.,Withers, Stephen G.
, p. 9756 - 9767 (2007/10/03)
Chondroitin AC lyase from Flavobacterium heparinum degrades chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans via an elimination mechanism resulting in disaccharides or oligosaccharides with Δ4,5-unsaturated uronic acid residues at their nonreducing end. Mechanistic details concerning the ordering of the bond-breaking and -forming steps of this enzymatic reaction are nonexistent, mainly due to the inhomogeneous nature of the polymeric substrates. The creation of a new class of synthetic substrates for this enzyme has allowed the measurement of defined and reproducible kcat and Km values and has expanded the range of mechanistic studies that can be performed. The primary deuterium kinetic isotope effect upon kcat/Km for the abstraction of the proton α to the carboxylic acid was measured to be 1.67 ± 0.07, showing that deprotonation occurs in a rate-limiting step. Using substrates with leaving groups of differing reactivity, a flat linear free energy relationship was produced, indicating that the C4-O4 bond is not broken in a rate-determining step. Taken together, these results strongly suggest a stepwise mechanism. Consistent with this was the measurement of a secondary deuterium kinetic isotope effect upon kcat/Km of 1.01 ± 0.03 on a 4-{2H}-substrate, indicating that no sp2 character is developed at C4 during the rate-limiting step, thereby ruling out a concerted syn-elimination.