21259-42-7Relevant articles and documents
Indium(III)-catalyzed knoevenagel condensation of aldehydes and activated methylenes using acetic anhydride as a promoter
Ogiwara, Yohei,Takahashi, Keita,Kitazawa, Takefumi,Sakai, Norio
, p. 3101 - 3110 (2015/03/30)
The combination of a catalytic amount of InCl3 and acetic anhydride remarkably promotes the Knoevenagel condensation of a variety of aldehydes and activated methylene compounds. This catalytic system accommodates aromatic aldehydes containing a variety of electron-donating and -withdrawing groups, heteroaromatic aldehydes, conjugate aldehydes, and aliphatic aldehydes. Central to successfully driving the condensation series is the formation of a geminal diacetate intermediate, which was generated in situ from an aldehyde and an acid anhydride with the assistance of an indium catalyst.