21495-41-0Relevant articles and documents
Gold-Catalyzed Spirocyclization Reactions of N-Propargyl Tryptamines and Tryptophans in Aqueous Media
Sabat, Nazarii,Soualmia, Feryel,Retailleau, Pascal,Benjdia, Alhosna,Berteau, Olivier,Guinchard, Xavier
, p. 4344 - 4349 (2020)
N-Propargyl tryptamine and tryptophan derivatives that are readily available from both synthetic and biocatalytic approaches undergo gold-catalyzed dearomative cyclizations in aqueous media to the corresponding spirocyclic derivatives. In addition to the efficiency of the method, operating in aqueous media affords a selective entry to C2-unsubstituted spiroindolenines that have long remained unattainable by Au(I) catalysis. Moderate to excellent yields of the desired spirocyclic products bearing various substituents were obtained.
Processing 2-Methyl- l -Tryptophan through Tandem Transamination and Selective Oxygenation Initiates Indole Ring Expansion in the Biosynthesis of Thiostrepton
Lin, Zhi,Ji, Jia,Zhou, Shuaixiang,Zhang, Fang,Wu, Jiequn,Guo, Yinlong,Liu, Wen
, p. 12105 - 12108 (2017/09/12)
Thiostrepton (TSR), an archetypal member of the family of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified thiopeptide antibiotics, possesses a biologically important quinaldic acid (QA) moiety within the side-ring system of its characteristic thiopeptide framework. QA is derived from an independent l-Trp residue; however, its associated transformation process remains poorly understood. We here report that during the formation of QA, the key expansion of an indole to a quinoline relies on the activities of the pyridoxal-5′-phosphate-dependent protein TsrA and the flavoprotein TsrE. These proteins act in tandem to process the precursor 2-methyl- l-Trp through reversible transamination and selective oxygenation, thereby initiating a highly reactive rearrangement in which selective C2-N1 bond cleavage via hydrolysis for indole ring-opening is closely coupled with C2′-N1 bond formation via condensation for recyclization and ring expansion in the production of a quinoline ketone intermediate. This indole ring-expansion mechanism is unusual, and represents a new strategy found in nature for l-Trp-based functionalization.
Peptides containing D-2-Alkyl-Tryptophan
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, (2008/06/13)
Peptides containing in its amino acid chain a D-2-alkylTryptophan residue wherein the alkyl group has between one and three carbon atoms and having pharmacological activity equal to or greater than that of analogous peptides containing natural unsubstituted D-Tryptophan residues in place of the D-2-alkylTryptophan. These peptides are more resistant to oxidative degradation which usually takes place, for example, in the presence of reactive radicals or during high energy sterilization than unsubstituted Tryptophan containing peptides.