23580-81-6Relevant articles and documents
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Goldberg et al.
, p. 3843 (1953)
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Polyphenylene dendrimers with pyridine fragments
Shifrina,Averina,Firsova,Rusanov,Muellen
, p. 34 - 38 (2007/10/03)
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Syntheses and UV/Vis-spectroscopic properties of hydrophilic 2-, 3-, and 4-pyridyl-substituted solvatochromic and halochromic pyridinium N-phenolate betaine dyes as new empirical solvent polarity indicators
Reichardt, Christian,Che, Daqing,Heckenkemper, Guido,Schaefer, Gerhard
, p. 2343 - 2361 (2007/10/03)
Syntheses and negative solvatochromism of nine new hydrophilic 2-, 3-, and 4-pyridyl-substituted pyridinium N-phenolate betaine dyes 3-11 are described. These were produced in order to obtain zwitterionic dyes better soluble in water and other aqueous media (such as binary water/solvent mixtures, aqueous ionophore solutions) than the rather hydrophobic standard betaine dyes 1 and 2, which have been used to establish an empirical scale of solvent polarity, called the ET(30) scale. Betaine dye 8, in which three of the peripheral phenyl groups of 1 are replaced by two 3-pyridyl rings and one 4-pyridyl ring, proved to be particularly suitable for the determination of ET(30) values in aqueous media. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2001.