24075-49-8Relevant articles and documents
Redox-neutral decarboxylative photocyclization of anthranilic acids
Huang, Huawen,Deng, Kun,Deng, Guo-Jun
, p. 8243 - 8247 (2020/12/29)
A mild metal-, catalyst-, and oxidant-free photoredox neutral system has been found to efficiently enable intramolecular decarboxylative cyclization of anthranilic acids. This facile protocol provides an alternative method for the synthesis of carbazoles. Mechanistic studies reveal a key photoinduced 6π-electrocyclization process and formic acid was released as the sole byproduct.
Photoinduced Cross-Coupling of Amines with 1,2-Diiodobenzene and Its Application in the Synthesis of Carbazoles
Zhao, Xinxin,Chen, Ming,Huang, Binbin,Yang, Chao,Gao, Yuan,Xia, Wujiong
, p. 2981 - 2989 (2018/05/15)
A facile and efficient process for the preparation of various tertiary aminobenzenes and carbazole derivatives via photoinduced cross-coupling of amines with 1,2-diiodobenzene is reported. Mechanistic investigations indicate that the transformation proceeds via nucleo-philic addition of an amine to the benzyne intermediate accompanied with a proton transfer process, followed by an oxidative cyclization of the generated diphenylamine to furnish the corresponding carbazole products.
Platinum-Catalyzed Intramolecular Alkylation of Indoles with Unactivated Olefins
Liu, Cong,Han, Xiaoqing,Wang, Xiang,Widenhoefer, Ross A.
, p. 3700 - 3701 (2007/10/03)
Reaction of 1-methy-2-(4-pentenyl)indole (1) with a catalytic amount of PtCl2 (2 mol %) in dioxane that contained a trace of HCl (5 mol %) at 60 °C for 24 h led to the isolation of 4,9-dimethyl-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole (2) in 92% yield. Platinum-catalyzed cyclization of 2-(4-pentenyl)indoles tolerated substitution at each position of the 4-pentenyl chain. Furthermore, the protocol was applicable to the synthesis of tetrahydro-β-carbolinones and was effective for cyclization of unprotected indoles. 2-(3-Butenyl)indoles underwent platinum-catalyzed cyclization with exclusive 6-endo-trig regioselectivity. Mechanistic studies established a mechanism for the platinum-catalyzed cyclization of 2-alkenyl indoles involving nucleophilic attack of the indole on a platinum-complexed olefin. Copyright