263261-10-5Relevant articles and documents
Pronounced effects of crystal structures on intramolecular electron transfer in mixed-valence biferrocenium cations: Structural, EPR, and 57Fe Mo?ssbauer characteristics
Dong, Teng-Yuan,Ho, Pei-Har,Lai, Xiao-Qian,Lin, Zhi-Wei,Lin, Kuan-Jiuh
, p. 1096 - 1106 (2008/10/08)
Crystallographic properties play an important role in controlling the rate of electron transfer in mixed-valence 1′,1?-disubstituted-biferrocenium triiodide salts. The X-ray structure of neutral 1′,1?-dinaphthylmethylbiferrocene has been determined at 298 K. The corresponding mixed-valence 1′,1?-dinaphthylmethylbiferrocenium triiodide exhibits two crystalline morphologies at 298 K. Dark crystals, formed when a CH2Cl2 solution of triiodide salt was allowed to evaporate slowly, crystallize in space group P1. Dark crystals, obtained when a layer of hexane was allowed to slowly diffuse into a CH2Cl2 solution of triiodide salt, crystallize in monoclinic space group P21/n. The observations of the structural characteristics of 1′,1?-dinaphthylmethylbiferrocenium triiodide are also consistent with our Mo?ssbauer studies. The cation with space group P1 shows two doublets in the variable-temperature Mo?ssbauer spectra at temperatures below 100 K. An increase of temperature causes the two doublets to move together, resulting in an average-valence doublet at 130 K. At 300 K, the spectrum of this sample shows a single doublet which is characteristic of a valence-detrapped cation in which the electron-transfer rate exceeds ~108 s-1. On the other hand, the cation with P21n phase exhibits a Mo?ssbauer spectrum characteric of a valence-trapped cation at 300 K. Obviously, the intramolecular electron-transfer rate is quite sensitive to environment perturbations caused by different crystal packing arrangements. At 77 K, the EPR spectrum of cation with P1 phase is clearly a typical axial-type spectrum with g∥ = 3.16 and g⊥ = 1.91. Surprisingly, the EPR spectrum of the cation with P21/n phase consists of two g∥ signals (3.67 and 2.85) and two g⊥ signals (2.01 and 1.79). We suggest that the origin arises from the interaction of spin-spin exchange resulting from a dipole-dipole interaction that develops between cations. The syntheses, characterizations, and physical properties of mixed-valence 1′,1?-di(4-biphenylmethyl)biferrocenium and 1′,1?-di(9-anthracenylmethyl)biferrocenium triiodide salts are also described.