293738-17-7Relevant articles and documents
Hybridization of β-Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists Confers G Protein Bias
Stanek, Markus,Picard, Louis-Philippe,Schmidt, Maximilian F.,Kaindl, Jonas M.,Hübner, Harald,Bouvier, Michel,Weikert, Dorothée,Gmeiner, Peter
, p. 5111 - 5131 (2019/05/28)
Starting from the β-adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline and beta-blocker carvedilol, we designed and synthesized three different chemotypes of agonist/antagonist hybrids. Investigations of ligand-mediated receptor activation using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer biosensors revealed a predominant effect of the aromatic head group on the intrinsic activity of our ligands, as ligands with a carvedilol head group were devoid of agonistic activity. Ligands composed of a catechol head group and an antagonist-like oxypropylene spacer possess significant intrinsic activity for the activation of Gαs, while they only show weak or even no β-arrestin-2 recruitment at both β1- and β2-AR. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the difference in G protein efficacy and β-arrestin recruitment of the hybrid (S)-22, the full agonist epinephrine, and the β2-selective, G protein-biased partial agonist salmeterol depends on specific hydrogen bonding between Ser5.46 and Asn6.55, and the aromatic head group of the ligands.
METHOD FOR PREPARING 2-ALKOXYPHENOXYETHANAMINES FROM 2-ALKOXYPHENOXYETHYLACETAMIDES
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Page/Page column 5, (2008/06/13)
The present invention relates to a method for preparing 2-Alkoxyphenoxyethanamines and more particularly relates to the preparation of the new chemical entity 2-Alkoxyphenoxyethylacetamides, in particular as intermediates in said method. An industrial process for the synthesis of 2-Alkoxyphenoxyethanamines which is cheap and easy to perform, is a long felt need for those skilled in the art. The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a process for the industrial production of phenoxyethanamine which is cheap and easy to perform. This object is solved by the new chemical entity 2-Alkoxyphenoxyacetamide which is prepared by reacting an ortho substituted phenol with a 2-Alkyloxazoline. By hydrolysis of the acetamide with water in the presence of organic or mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid and/or sulfuric acid, the 2-Alkylphenoxyethanamine is obtained.