29418-36-8Relevant articles and documents
Catalytic Polymerization of Aniline and Its Derivatives by Using Copper(II) Salts and Oxygen. New Type of Polyaniline with Branched Structure
Toshima, Naoki,Yan, Hu,Ishiwatari, Mariko
, p. 1947 - 1953 (1994)
The catalytic polymerization of aniline and its derivatives was performed by stirring the solution of the corresponding monomer and copper(II) salts (50/5, mmol/mmol) in acetonitrile and water (1/1, v/v) under oxygen at room temperature for 24 h.Among copper salts, CuBr2 and CuCl2 are more active than the others.In each case the copper salts do not work as a stoichiometrical oxidant but work as a catalyst, which can be proved on the basis of turn-over-frequency.The polymers isolated were characteristic of polyaniline with an Emeraldine structure, although a small amount of branched structures were by-produced by an addition reaction at ortho-position.Thus, heat treatment of the polymer at 284 deg C results in partial decomposition to produce the stable polymer and aniline.Although the resulting polymer had an Emeraldine type structure, a strong doping effect on its electroconductivity was not observed, probably because of the amorphous morphology.The UV-vis spectra of the reaction solution have suggested that the catalytic polymerization of aniline proceeds through the formation of the copper(II) complex of aniline.
Synthesis of 2 - fluoro aniline compounds of the method
-
Paragraph 0134; 0136, (2019/05/15)
The invention discloses a method for synthesizing 2 - fluoro aniline compounds of the method, the method is: shown in formula Ia aniline compound of formula Ib α and β shown aniline compound as raw materials, through coupling reaction shown [...] azobenzene compound II, then the type II shown azobenzene compound with a palladium catalyst, fluorination reagent, additive, organic solvent, in the 30 - 150 °C temperature closed agitating the fluorination reaction, [...] compound of formula III, type III compounds are shown in the reaction under the action of a reducing [...] shown IV 2 - fluoro aniline compounds; this invention synthetic 2 - fluoro aniline compounds substrate wide adaptability, mild reaction conditions, the operation is simple, fluorinated and good selectivity, [...] aniline compounds is prepared by many drug molecule is an important intermediate and starting material, wide application prospects.
Conversion of anilines into azobenzenes in acetic acid with perborate and Mo(VI): correlation of reactivities
Karunakaran,Venkataramanan
, p. 375 - 385 (2019/02/14)
Azobenzenes are extensively used to dye textiles and leather and by tuning the substituent in the ring, vivid colours are obtained. Here, we report preparation of a large number of azobenzenes in good yield from commercially available anilines using sodium perborate (SPB) and catalytic amount of Na2MoO4 under mild conditions. Glacial acetic acid is the solvent of choice and the aniline to azobenzene conversion is zero, first and first orders with respect to SPB, Na2MoO4 and aniline, respectively. Based on the kinetic orders, UV–visible spectra and cyclic voltammograms, the conversion mechanism has been suggested. The reaction rates of about 50 anilines at 20–50?°C and their energy and entropy of activation conform to the isokinetic or Exner relationship and compensation effect, respectively. However, the reaction rates, deduced by the so far adopted method, fail to comply with the Hammett correlation. The specific reaction rates of molecular anilines, obtained through a modified calculation, conform to the Hammett relationship. Thus, this work presents a convenient inexpensive non-hazardous method of preparation of a larger number of azobenzenes, and shows the requirement of modification in obtaining the true reaction rates of anilines in acetic acid and the validity of Hammett relationship in the conversion process, indicating operation of a common mechanism.
