306-52-5 Usage
Description
Triclofos is a hypnotic and sedative medication primarily used to treat insomnia and related sleep disturbances. It is a white powder with a saline taste, soluble in water, and slightly soluble in alcohol. Triclofos is hygroscopic in air and remains stable in light but becomes unstable at temperatures above ambient.
Uses
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Triclofos is used as a hypnotic and sedative agent for the treatment of insomnia, nocturnal awakening, and early morning awakening. It helps in promoting sleep and reducing the frequency of nighttime wakefulness, thereby improving overall sleep quality.
Used in Sleep Aid Formulations:
Triclofos is used as an active ingredient in various sleep aid formulations, such as tablets, capsules, and liquid solutions. These formulations are designed to provide relief from sleep-related issues and help individuals achieve a restful and uninterrupted sleep.
Used in Veterinary Medicine:
In addition to its use in human medicine, triclofos is also utilized in veterinary medicine for the treatment of sleep disorders and anxiety in animals. It can be administered to pets to help them relax and sleep better, particularly in situations where they may be experiencing stress or anxiety.
Used in Research and Development:
Triclofos is used as a research compound in the development of new medications and therapies for sleep disorders. Its hypnotic and sedative properties make it a valuable tool for studying the mechanisms of sleep and the effects of various compounds on sleep patterns.
Used in Drug Interaction Studies:
Triclofos is employed in drug interaction studies to evaluate the potential effects of combining it with other medications. This helps in understanding the safety and efficacy of such combinations and identifying any possible adverse effects or contraindications.
Originator
Triclos,Merrell National,US,1972
Production Methods
Chloral is reduced with sodium borohydride and the resulting
trichloroethanol is esterified with polyphosphoric acid to give
the dihydrogen phosphate. The ester is then reacted with an
equimolar quantity of sodium hydroxide.
Manufacturing Process
Trichloroethanol (500 grams) and phosphorus oxychloride (510 grams) were
added to dry diethyl ether (3.5 liters) and stirred at 10°C with ice/water
cooling. Dry pyridine (270 ml) was added dropwise over 1 hour, maintaining
the temperature below 25°C. The resulting suspension was stirred for a
further 1 hour and then stood at 0°C overnight. The pyridine hydrochloride
was removed by filtration and washed with diethyl ether (2 x 300 ml) and
dried in vacuo over P2O5 to give 380 grams.
The ether filtrate and washings were evaporated at room temperature under
reduced pressure to give a clear liquid residue (801 grams). This residue was
distilled under high vacuum to give trichloroethyl phosphorodichloridate (556
grams, 62.4% of theory), boiling point 75°C/0.8 mm.
The phosphorodichloridate was hydrolyzed by adding to a stirred solution of
sodium carbonate (253 grams) in water (2.9 liters). After 1 hour the solution
was cooled and acidified with a solution of concentrated sulfuric acid (30 ml)
in water (150 ml) and then extracted with a mixture of tetrahydrofuran and
chloroform (2.3/1; 3 x 1 liter). The tetrahydrofuran/chloroform liquors were
bulked and evaporated to dryness to give a light brown oil. This was dissolved
in water (1 liter) and titrated with 2 N sodium hydroxide solution to a pH of
4.05 (volume required 930 ml). The aqueous solution was clarified by filtration
through kieselguhr and then evaporated under reduced pressure to a syrup
(737 grams).
Hot acetone (4.5 liters) was added to this syrup and the clear solution stood
at room temperature for 2 hours and then at 0°C overnight. The white
crystalline solid was filtered off, washed with acetone (2 x 400 ml) and dried
at 60°C in vacuo to give sodium trichloroethyl hydrogen phosphate (414
grams, 49.3% of theory from trichloroethanol).
Therapeutic Function
Sedative, Hypnotic
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by ingestion.When heated to decomposition it emits toxic vapors ofPOx and Clí.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 306-52-5 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 3,0 and 6 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 5 and 2 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 306-52:
(5*3)+(4*0)+(3*6)+(2*5)+(1*2)=45
45 % 10 = 5
So 306-52-5 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C2H4Cl3O4P/c3-2(4,5)1-9-10(6,7)8/h1H2,(H2,6,7,8)
306-52-5Relevant articles and documents
Catalysis of the cleavage of uridine 3′-2,2,2-trichloroethylphosphate by a designed helix-loop-helix motif peptide
Razkin, Jesus,Nilsson, Helena,Baltzer, Lars
, p. 14752 - 14758 (2007)
A 42-residue peptide that folds into a helix-loop-helix motif and dimerizes to form a four-helix bundle has been designed to catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphodiesters. The active site on the surface of the folded catalyst is composed of two histidine and four arginine residues, with the capacity to provide general acid, general base, and/or nucleophilic catalysis as well as transition state stabilization. Uridine 3′-2,2,2 trichloroethylphosphate (2) is a mimic of RNA with a leaving group pKa of 12.3. Its hydrolysis is energetically less favorable than that of commonly used model substrates with p-nitrophenyl leaving groups and therefore a more realistic model for the design of catalysts capable of cleaving RNA. The second-order rate constant for the hydrolysis of 2 at pH 7.0 by the polypeptide catalyst was 418 × 10-6 M-1 s-1, and that of the imidazole catalyzed reaction was 1.66 × 10-6 M-1 s -1. The pH dependence suggested that catalysis is due to the unprotonated form of a residue with a pKa of around 5.3, and the observed kinetic solvent isotope effect of 1.9 showed that there is significant hydrogen bonding in the transition state, consistent with general acid-base catalysis. The rate constant ratio k2(Pep)/k2(Im) of 252 is probably due to a combination of nucleophilic and general acid-base catalysis, as well as transition state stabilization. Substrate binding was weak since no sign of saturation kinetics was observed for substrate concentrations in the range from 5 to 40 mM. The results provide a platform for the further development of catalysts for RNA cleavage with a potential role in the development of drugs.
Evaluation of Natural and Synthetic Phosphate Donors for the Improved Enzymatic Synthesis of Phosphate Monoesters
Tasnádi, Gábor,Jud, Wolfgang,Hall, Mélanie,Baldenius, Kai,Ditrich, Klaus,Faber, Kurt
supporting information, p. 2394 - 2401 (2018/05/14)
Undesired product hydrolysis along with large amounts of waste in form of inorganic monophosphate by-product are the main obstacles associated with the use of pyrophosphate in the phosphatase-catalyzed synthesis of phosphate monoesters on large scale. In order to overcome both limitations, we screened a broad range of natural and synthetic organic phosphate donors with several enzymes on a broad variety of hydroxyl-compounds. Among them, acetyl phosphate delivered stable product levels and high phospho-transfer efficiency at the lower functional pH-limit, which translated into excellent productivity. The protocol is generally applicable to acid phosphatases and compatible with a range of diverse substrates. Preparative-scale transformations using acetyl phosphate synthesized from cheap starting materials yielded multiple grams of various sugar phosphates with up to 433 g L?1 h?1 space-time yield and 75% reduction of barium phosphate waste. (Figure presented.).
