331652-62-1Relevant articles and documents
Kinetic study on SNAr reaction of 1-(Y-Substituted-phenoxy)-2,4- dinitrobenzenes with cyclic secondary amines in acetonitrile: Evidence for cyclic transition-state structure
Um, Ik-Hwan,Kim, Min-Young,Kang, Tae-Ah,Dust, Julian M.
, p. 7025 - 7031 (2014/08/18)
A kinetic study is reported for SNAr reactions of 1-(Y-substituted-phenoxy)-2,4-dinitrobenzenes (1a-1h) with amines in MeCN. The plots of pseudo-first-order rate constant versus amine concentration curve upward, indicating that the reactions are catalyzed by a second amine molecule. The Br?nsted-type plots for the reaction of 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2,4- dinitrobenzene (1a) with secondary amines are linear with βnuc = 1.10 and 0.85 for the uncatalyzed and catalyzed reactions, respectively, while the Yukawa-Tsuno plots for the reactions of 1a-1h with piperidine result in excellent linear correlations with ρY = 1.85 and r = 0.27 for the uncatalyzed reaction and ρY = 0.73 and r = 0.23 for the catalyzed reaction. The catalytic effect decreases with increasing amine basicity or electron-withdrawing ability of the substituent Y in the leaving group. Activation parameters calculated from the rate constants measured at five different temperatures for the catalyzed reaction of 1a with piperidine are ΔH? = 0.38 kcal/mol and ΔS? = -55.4 cal/(mol K). The catalyzed reaction from a Meisenheimer complex (MC ±) is proposed to proceed through a concerted mechanism with a cyclic transition-state rather than via a stepwise pathway with an anionic intermediate, MC-. Deuterium kinetic isotope effects provide further insight into the nature of the concerted transition state.
Mechanistic assessment of SNAr displacement of halides from 1-Halo-2,4-dinitrobenzenes by selected primary and secondary amines: Br?nsted and Mayr analyses
Um, Ik-Hwan,Im, Li-Ra,Kang, Ji-Sun,Bursey, Samantha S.,Dust, Julian M.
supporting information, p. 9738 - 9746 (2013/01/15)
Pseudo-first-order rate constants (kobsd) have been measured spectrophotometrically for nucleophilic substitution reactions of 1-X-2,4-dinitrobenzenes (1a-d, X = F, Cl, Br, I) with various primary and secondary amines in MeCN and H2O
Choice of solvent (MeCN vs H2O) decides rate-limiting step in SNAr aminolysis of 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene with secondary amines: Importance of Bronsted-type analysis in acetonitrile
Um, Ik-Hwan,Min, Se-Won,Dust, Julian M.
, p. 8797 - 8803 (2008/09/18)
(Chemical Equation Presented) A kinetic study is reported for nucleophilic substitution reactions of 2,4-dinitro-1-fluorobenzene (DNFB) with a series of secondary amines in MeCN and H2O at 25.0°C. The reaction in MeCN results in an upward curva