3518-83-0Relevant articles and documents
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Leonard,Gash
, p. 2781,2784 (1954)
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Development of an Expedient Process for the Multi-Kilogram Synthesis of Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0425
Stumpf, Andreas,Cheng, Zhigang Ken,Wong, Brian,Reynolds, Mark,Angelaud, Remy,Girotti, James,Deese, Alan,Gu, Christine,Gazzard, Lewis
supporting information, p. 661 - 672 (2015/06/30)
A process leading to the multikilogram GMP synthesis of Chk1 inhibitor GDC-0425 (1) was developed. Highlights of the synthesis include protection of the pyrrole ring of a 1,7-diazacarbazole as propyl ethyl ether, an efficient Pd catalyzed cyanation of an aryl chloride, aryl ether formation by SNAr fluoride displacement, and development of a controlled crystallization providing the API with the required polymorphic form. The process delivered high-quality GDC-0425 with low levels of impurities and residual metals in five steps and 31% overall yield.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of potent, orally active adenosine A1 receptor antagonists with high blood-brain barrier permeability
Kuroda,Takamura,Tenda,Itani,Tomishima,Akahane,Sakane
, p. 988 - 998 (2007/10/03)
A novel series of 3-(2-substituted-3-oxo-2,3-dihydropyridazin-6-yl) -2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines (5-38) were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro adenosine A1 and A2A receptor binding activities, and in vitro metabolism by rat liver in order to search for orally active compounds. Most of the test compounds were potent adenosine A1 receptor antagonists with high A1 selectivity and the A1 affinity and A1 selectivity of carbonyl derivatives (5-11) was particularly high. In particular, compound 7 was an extremely potent and selective adenosine A1 antagonist with high A1 selectivity (Ki=0.026 nM, A2A/A1=5400). In terms of metabolic stability, 2-oxopropyl (5), 2-hydroxypropyl (12), N-methylacetamide (16), 2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl (28) and 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl (32, FR194921) were the most stable compounds in this series of analogues. Further in vivo evaluation indicated that compounds 5, 13, 17, 28 and 32 were detected in both plasma and brain after oral administration in rats. In particular, 32 displayed good plasma and brain concentrations (dose: 32mg/kg (n=3); after 30 min, plasma conc.=3390±651 nM, brain conc.=3670±496 nM; after 60 min, plasma conc.=1580±348 nM, brain conc.=2143±434 nM), and a good brain/plasma ratio (1.11±0.060 (30 min), 1.39±0.172 (60 min)). As a result, we could show that 32 is a good candidate for an orally active adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with high blood-brain barrier permeability and good bioavailability (Ki=6.6 nM, A2A/A1=820, BA=60.6±4.9% (32 mg/kg)).