40222-70-6Relevant articles and documents
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR PREPARING SUBSTITUTED CARBOXYLIC ANHYDRIDES
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Page/Page column 6; 7-8, (2008/12/06)
An improved process for preparing anhydrides of the general formula (I) in which X and Y may be the same or different and are each C, N, O or P, where X and Y, depending on their definition, may be mono- to trisubstituted by a radical from the group of H, a C1-C20-alkyl radical optionally mono- or polysubstituted by groups which are inert under the reaction conditions, or a C5-C10-aryl, C3-C6-heteroaryl or heterocycle radical optionally mono- or polysubstituted by groups which are inert under the reaction conditions, and may optionally be connected by a C1-C5-alkyl chain which may optionally be mono- or polysubstituted by substituents which are inert under the reaction conditions to form a ring system, in which dicarboxylic acids of the formula (II) in which X and Y are each as defined above in a high-boiling organic solvent which forms an azeotrope with water in the presence of an organic or inorganic acid in an amount of from 0.000001 to 50 mol%, based on the dicarboxylic acid, are heated to reflux temperature and water is separated out as an azeotrope, then the reaction mixture is cooled and the desired product is isolated.