402723-13-1Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis and biological evaluation of Hydrazone derivatives as antifungal agents
Casanova, Bruna B.,Muniz, Mauro N.,De Oliveira, Thayse,De Oliveira, Luís Flavio,Machado, Michel M.,Fuentefria, Alexandre M.,Gosmann, Grace,Gnoatto, Simone C. B.
, p. 9229 - 9241 (2016/08/31)
Emerging yeasts are among the most prevalent causes of systemic infections with high mortality rates and there is an urgent need to develop specific, effective and non-Toxic antifungal agents to respond to this issue. In this study 35 aldehydes, hydrazones and hydrazines were obtained and their antifungal activity was evaluated against Candida species (C. parapsilosis, C.Tropicalis, C. krusei, C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. lusitaneae) and Trichosporon asahii, in an in vitro screening. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the active compounds in the screening was determined against 10 clinical isolates of C. parapsilosis and 10 of T. asahii. The compounds 4-pyridin-2-ylbenzaldehyde] (13a) and tert-butyl-(2Z)-2-(3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzylidine)hydrazine carboxylate (7b) showed the most promising MIC values in the range of 16-32 μg/mL and 8-16 μg/mL, respectively. The compounds' action on the stability of the cell membrane and cell wall was evaluated, which suggested the action of the compounds on the fungal cell membrane. Cell viability of leukocytes and an alkaline comet assay were performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity. Compound 13a was not cytotoxic at the active concentrations. These results support the discovery of promising candidates for the development of new antifungal agents.
Isoquinolines as IGF-1R Inhibitors
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Page/Page column 12, (2009/04/24)
Compounds of the formula (I): were synthesized. In at least one embodiment, they were found to down-regulate or inhibit the expression or function of the IGF-1 receptor.
A convergent kilogram-scale synthesis of the PPARα Agonist LY518674: Discovery of a novel acid-mediated triazolone synthesis
Braden, Timothy M.,Coffey, D. Scott,Doecke, Christopher W.,LeTourneau, Michael E.,Martinelli, Michael J.,Meyer, Christopher L.,Miller, Richard D.,Pawlak, Joseph M.,Pedersen, Steven W.,Schmid, Christopher R.,Shaw, Bruce W.,Staszak, Michael A.,Vicenzi, Jeffrey T.
supporting information, p. 431 - 440 (2012/12/31)
The first kilogram-scale synthesis of the PPARα agonist LY518674 (1) is described. The de novo convergent synthetic approach involved coupling of two rapidly assembled components, triazolone formation via a novel acid-promoted cyclization reaction, and final step saponification, delivering the compound in 32.5% overall yield via eight total steps with a six-step longest linear sequence. A regioselective alkylation on the dianion of 4-hydroxyphenylbutyric acid allowed the direct preparation of one of the convergent coupling partners, carboxylic acid 12, and an unusual solvent effect enabled the installation of a urea group on a protected hydrazine, permitting the regiospecific preparation of the other coupling partner, semicarbazide mesylate 17. Sulfonic acids were found to effect the desired triazolone ring formation, affording 25 from the coupled precursor acyl semicarbazide 23. Following saponification of 25 to 1, a wide solubility differential between ethyl acetate extracts of 1 and solutions of 1 in anhydrous ethyl acetate was harnessed in the final crystallization step to deliver the final compound in high yield and purity. The novel acid-mediated triazolone formation was further evaluated on a range of additional substrates, showing the new methodology to be largely complementary to existing base-mediated triazolone syntheses.
