421576-50-3Relevant articles and documents
Novel chemistry of abdominal defensive glands of nymphalid butterfly Agraulis vanillae
Ross, Gary N.,Fales, Henry M.,Lloyd, Helen A.,Jones, Tappey,Sokoloski, Edward A.,Marshall-Batty, Kimberly,Blum, Murray S.
, p. 1219 - 1228 (2001)
Abdominal defensive glands of both sexes of the Gulf fritillary butterfly, Agraulis vanillae (Linnaeus) (Nymphalidae:Heliconiinae) emit a pronounced odor when disturbed. We have identified 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one; oleic, palmitic, and stearic esters of the corresponding alcohol 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol; hexadecyl acetate; 1,16-hexadecanediol diacetate; and 1,15-hexadecanediol diacetate in the glandular exudate. Since we have determined that free-flying birds or birds in a butterfly conservatory discriminate against A. vanillae as prey, we suggest that the constituents in the glands may play a defensive role against potential avian predators.