4565-20-2Relevant articles and documents
New uncharged 2-thienostilbene oximes as reactivators of organophosphate-inhibited cholinesterases
?ade?, Tena,?kori?, Irena,Bari?, Danijela,Kovarik, Zrinka,Lasi?, Kornelija,Marini?, ?eljko,Mlaki?, Milena,Pu?ek, Ivana,Ratkovi?, Ana
, (2021/11/27)
The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) by organophosphates (OPs) as nerve agents and pesticides compromises normal cholinergic nerve signal transduction in the peripheral and central nervous systems (CNS) leading to cholinergic crisis. The treatment comprises an antimuscarinic drug and an oxime reactivator of the inhibited enzyme. Oximes in use have quaternary nitrogens, and therefore poorly cross the brain–blood barrier. In this work, we synthesized novel uncharged thienostilbene oximes by the Wittig reaction, converted to aldehydes by Vilsmeier formylation, and transformed to the corresponding uncharged oximes in very high yields. Eight trans,anti-and trans,syn-isomers of oximes were tested as reactivators of nerve-agent-inhibited AChE and BChE. Four derivatives reactivated cyclosarin-inhibited BChE up to 70% in two hours of reactivation, and docking studies confirmed their productive interactions with the active site of cyclosarin-inhibited BChE. Based on the moderate binding affinity of both AChE and BChE for all selected oximes, and in silico evaluated ADME properties regarding lipophilicity and CNS activity, these compounds present a new class of oximes with the potential for further development of CNS-active therapeutics in OP poisoning.
Palladium(ii) ligated with a selenated (Se, CNHC, N-)-type pincer ligand: An efficient catalyst for Mizoroki-Heck and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling in water
Sharma, Kamal Nayan,Satrawala, Naveen,Srivastava, Avinash Kumar,Ali, Munsaf,Joshi, Raj Kumar
, p. 8969 - 8976 (2019/10/28)
A new 1-[N-benzylacetamido]-3-[1-(2-phenylselenylethyl)]benzimidazolium chloride (L), the precursor of a novel (Se, CNHC, N-)-type pincer ligand (L) was synthesised in high yield through a sequence of consecutive reactions of 1H-benzimidazole with ethylene dichloride, sodium selenophenolate, and N-benzyl-2-chloroacetamide. The palladium-promoted reaction of L with PdCl2 resulted in a moisture- and air-insensitive complex [Pd(L-H2Cl)Cl] (1), which demonstrated outstanding catalytic potential for Mizoroki-Heck coupling of aromatic bromides and chlorides (with yields up to 94% and 70%, respectively) at very low catalyst loading (0.2 mol%) and under mild reaction conditions in water. The complex (1) was also investigated for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling and found to be selectively efficient (yields up to 94%) for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of aromatic bromides at 0.01 mol% of 1 in water. All coupling reactions were carried out in the green and economical solvent, water, which is highly desirable for bulk synthesis of complex molecules in industry. During the catalytic process, complex 1 converted into PdSe nanoparticles (NPs, size range 5-6 nm) in situ. The morphology and composition of these NPs were analysed through high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. The core-level, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of stable Pd0 and Pd2+ oxidation states in these PdSe NPs. Based on further experimental investigations, these nanoparticles were found to work as a stock of true catalytic species. The hot filtration test, as well as the two-phase test, confirmed the largely homogeneous nature of the catalytic process, which probably proceeds by leaching of solution-phase Pd species from these NPs.
The cross-coupling reaction of vinylindiums generated via hydroindation of terminal alkynes with diaryliodoniums salts
Xue, Zhao,Yang, Deyu,Wang, Chunyan
, p. 247 - 250 (2007/10/03)
In InCl3-NaBH4-MeCN system, vinylindiums generated by hydroindation of aryl terminal alkynes can undergo cross-coupling reaction with diaryliodonium salts high regio- and stereoselectively. But under the same conditions, the aliphatic terminal alkynes do not react very well.
