540-10-3

Basic information

• Product Name: CETYL PALMITATE
• Synonyms: SPERMACETI;PALMATIC ACID N-HEXADECYL ESTER;SperMwax;Cetyl Palmitate (50 mg);n-Hexadecyl palMitate, 98% 25GR;n-Hexadecyl palMitate, 98% 5GR;Cetyl Palmitate Palmitic Acid Hexadecyl Ester;PalMityl palMitate, 95+%
• CAS NO: 540-10-3
• Molecular Formula: C₃₂H₆₄O₂
• Molecular Weight: 480.85
• EINECS: 208-736-6
• Product Categories: Aliphatics;Fatty Acid Derivatives & Lipids;Glycerols
• Mol File: 540-10-3.mol
• Article Data: 21

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 55-56 °C(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 360 °C
• Flash Point: 269.8 °C
• Appearance: White to almost white/Crystalline Powder
• Density: d20 0.989
• Refractive Index: 1.4429 (589.3 nm 60℃)
• Storage Temp.: 2-8°C
• Solubility: Soluble in hot acetone.
• Merck: 14,2031
• CAS DataBase Reference: CETYL PALMITATE(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: CETYL PALMITATE(540-10-3)
• EPA Substance Registry System: CETYL PALMITATE(540-10-3)

Safety Data

• Safety Statements: 24/25
• RTECS: RT4750000
• TSCA: Yes
• Hazardous Substances Data: 540-10-3(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

Cetyl Palmitate, also known as synthetic spermaceti, is an ester of palmitic acid obtained through the reaction of cetyl alcohol and palmitic acid. It is a white to almost white crystalline powder and is widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries due to its various beneficial properties.

Uses

Used in Cosmetic and Personal Care Industry:
Cetyl Palmitate is used as an emollient, masking agent, and skin conditioning agent for its ability to improve skin texture and provide a smooth, soft feel. It also acts as a glosser and thickener for creams, enhancing emulsion texture and stability, and giving structure to cosmetic sticks.
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Cetyl Palmitate serves as an ingredient in many cosmetic preparations and is also utilized in pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control. It provides a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards for pharmaceutical laboratories and manufacturers.

Flammability and Explosibility

Notclassified

InChI:InChI=1S/C32H64O2/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19-21-23-25-27-29-31-34-32(33)30-28-26-24-22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-31H2,1-2H3

Synthetic route

1-Hexadecanol (36653-82-4) + 1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid (57-10-3) → cetyl palmitate (540-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
With zirconium(IV) oxychloride In 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene at 162℃; for 24h;	99.5%
hafnium(IV) oxychloride In 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene at 162℃; for 24h;	98.7%
With choline chloride; zinc(II) chloride at 110℃; for 10h;	97%

1-Hexadecanol (36653-82-4) → cetyl palmitate (540-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium bromate; sulfuric acid; sodium bromide In water at 20℃; for 24h;	99%
With [bis(2-methylallyl)cycloocta-1,5-diene]ruthenium(II); (2-((2-(diphenylphosphanyl)ethyl)(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)amino)ethyl)diphenylphosphine oxide; potassium tert-butylate In n-heptane at 100℃; for 16h;	86%

1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid (57-10-3) → 1-Hexadecanol (36653-82-4) + cetyl palmitate (540-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
With trimethylamine borane In xylene for 9h; Heating;	A 22% B 61%
With hydrogen; zirconium(IV) oxide In dodecane at 20 - 260℃; under 9000.9 Torr; Kinetics; Autoclave;

1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid (57-10-3) → cetyl palmitate (540-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In neat (no solvent) at 20 - 200℃; under 6000.6 Torr; for 24h; Autoclave; High pressure;	55%
With copper chromite; hydrogen at 360℃;

1-iodohexadecane (544-77-4) + silver palmitate (3508-01-8) → cetyl palmitate (540-10-3)

1-Hexadecanol (36653-82-4) + n-hexadecanoyl chloride (112-67-4) → cetyl palmitate (540-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
With quinoline; chloroform anfangs unter Kuehlung, dann bei Zimmertemperatur;
With diethyl ether; magnesium
With pyridine
In pyridine; chloroform

n-hexadecanoyl chloride (112-67-4) + catyl alcohol → cetyl palmitate (540-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
at 180℃;

1-Hexadecanol (36653-82-4) + n-tetradecanoic acid (544-63-8) + 1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid (57-10-3) → tetradecanoic acid hexadecyl ester (2599-01-1) + cetyl palmitate (540-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
With phosphoric acid In hexane; water for 8.5h; Product distribution / selectivity; Heating / reflux;
With phosphoric acid In n-heptane; water for 18h; Product distribution / selectivity; Heating / reflux;
With phosphoric acid In water; toluene at 92℃; for 38.5h; Product distribution / selectivity; Heating / reflux;
With phosphoric acid In water; xylene at 105℃; for 1h; Product distribution / selectivity;
With phosphoric acid In water at 95℃; for 0.5h; Product distribution / selectivity;

1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid (57-10-3) → pentadecane (629-62-9) + Hexadecane (544-76-3) + 1-Hexadecanol (36653-82-4) + cetyl palmitate (540-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In dodecane at 20 - 260℃; under 9000.9 Torr; Kinetics; Autoclave;

1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid (57-10-3) → pentadecane (629-62-9) + 1-Hexadecanol (36653-82-4) + cetyl palmitate (540-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In dodecane at 20 - 260℃; under 9000.9 Torr; Kinetics; Autoclave;
With hydrogen In dodecane at 280℃; under 39003.9 Torr; for 6h; Catalytic behavior; Kinetics; Time;

hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (112-39-0) → 1-Hexadecanol (36653-82-4) + n-hexadecylaldehyde (629-80-1) + palmitone (502-73-8) + cetyl palmitate (540-10-3) + 1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid (57-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; zirconium(IV) oxide at 700℃; under 60006 Torr; Kinetics; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Pressure; Calcination;

hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (112-39-0) → pentadecane (629-62-9) + methane (34557-54-5) + Hexadecane (544-76-3) + hexadecan-2-ol (14852-31-4) + 1-Hexadecanol (36653-82-4) + n-hexadecylaldehyde (629-80-1) + cetyl palmitate (540-10-3) + carbon dioxide (124-38-9) + carbon monoxide (201230-82-2) + 1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid (57-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In dodecane at 290℃; under 22502.3 Torr;

...Expand

hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (112-39-0) → pentadecane (629-62-9) + methane (34557-54-5) + Hexadecane (544-76-3) + hexadecan-2-ol (14852-31-4) + 1-Hexadecanol (36653-82-4) + n-hexadecylaldehyde (629-80-1) + cetyl palmitate (540-10-3) + carbon monoxide (201230-82-2) + 1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid (57-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In dodecane at 290℃; under 22502.3 Torr;

...Expand

1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid (57-10-3) → pentadecane (629-62-9) + Hexadecane (544-76-3) + 1-Hexadecanol (36653-82-4) + n-hexadecylaldehyde (629-80-1) + cetyl palmitate (540-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In dodecane at 280℃; under 39003.9 Torr; for 6h; Kinetics;

1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid (57-10-3) → Hexadecane (544-76-3) + 1-Hexadecanol (36653-82-4) + n-hexadecylaldehyde (629-80-1) + cetyl palmitate (540-10-3)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In dodecane at 280℃; under 39003.9 Torr; for 6h; Kinetics;

cetyl palmitate (540-10-3) → O-hexadecyl hexadecanethiono ester

Conditions	Yield
With Lawessons reagent In 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene Reflux;	58%

cetyl palmitate (540-10-3) → n-hexadecylaldehyde (629-80-1)

Conditions	Yield
With dimethylsulfide borane complex; pyridinium chlorochromate 1) THF, reflux, 1 h, 2.) CH2Cl2, reflux, 1 h; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

cetyl palmitate (540-10-3) → <1-14C>n-hexadecanol palmitate

Conditions	Yield
With 1-(14)C cetyl alcohol In acetone at 40℃; for 1h; transesterification with enzyme from Sinapis alba L.;

cetyl palmitate (540-10-3) → <4-14C>cholesteryl palmitate

Conditions	Yield
With [14C]-Cholesterol In acetone at 40℃; for 1h; transesterification with enzyme from Sinapis alba L.; influence of incubation time and <1-14C>n-hexadecanol concentration on ester formation; double pH optima: 6.4, 8.4;

cetyl palmitate (540-10-3) + α-particle/s → hydrogen + carbon oxides + hydrocarbons

Conditions	Yield
Irradiation;

monoglyceryl stearate + cetyl palmitate (540-10-3) → monocetylphosphoric ester potassium salt + acrylic acid (79-10-7)

Upstream product

• 544-77-4 1-iodohexadecane 
• 3508-01-8 silver palmitate 
• 36653-82-4 1-Hexadecanol 
• 57-10-3 1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid 
• 112-67-4 n-hexadecanoyl chloride 
• 544-63-8 n-tetradecanoic acid 
• 112-39-0 hexadecanoic acid methyl ester 

Downstream Products

• 629-80-1 n-hexadecylaldehyde 
• 79-10-7 acrylic acid 

Relevant articles and documents

Esterification of cetyl alcohol with palmitic acid over WO3/Zr-SBA-15 and Zr-SBA-15 catalysts

Tungsten loaded and Zr incorporated SBA-15 catalysts (WO3/Zr-SBA-15 and Zr-SBA-15) were developed for esterification of cetyl alcohol and palmitic acid. The influence of the Zr content, tungsten loading amount, calcination temperature, feed composition and catalyst amount has been studied. Higher tungsten loading decreased the acidity due to formation of WO3 crystals whereas calcination temperature enhanced the acidity by favoring the dispersion of WOx species. Activities of the catalyst changed depending on their amount of Br?nsted sites and total number of acid sites. Zr-SBA-15 catalyst which had the highest amount of Br?nsted acid sites gave maximum cetyl palmitate yield (63.1%). This catalyst retained its activity up to 3 reuse cycles without significant loss of activity.

Paving the way towards green catalytic materials for green fuels: Impact of chemical species on Mo-based catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation

A series of Mo-based catalysts were synthesized by tuning the sulfidation temperature to produce mixtures of MoO3 and MoS2 as active phases for the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of palmitic acid. Differences in the oxidation states of Mo, and the chemical species present in the catalytic materials were determined by spectroscopic techniques. Palmitic acid was used as a fatty-acid model compound to test the performance of these catalysts. The catalytic performance was related to different chemical species formed within the materials. Sulfidation of these otherwise inactive catalysts significantly increased their performance. The catalytic activity remains optimal between the sulfidation temperatures of 100 °C and 200 °C, whereas the most active catalyst was obtained at 200 °C. The catalytic performance decreased significantly at 400 °C due to a higher proportion of sulfides formed in the materials. Furthermore, the relative proportion of MoO3 to MoS2 is essential to form highly active materials to produce O-free hydrocarbons from biomass feedstock. The transition from MoS2 to MoO3 reveals the importance of Mo-S and Mo-O catalytically active species needed for the HDO process and hence for biomass transformation. We conclude that transitioning from MoS2 to MoO3 catalysts is a step in the right direction to produce green fuels.

PRODUCTION METHOD OF ESTER COMPOUND

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce an ester compound at a high conversion even under mild reaction conditions. SOLUTION: A production method of an ester compound includes a reaction step for reacting a carboxylic acid of 8-22 carbons and an alcohol of 8-22 carbons at a temperature of 50-100°C in an ionic liquid composed of a phosphonium cation or an imidazolium cation and a trifluoromethanesulfonic acid anion or a bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide anion to obtain an ester compound in a liquid phase different from an ionic liquid phase. SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2019,JPOandINPIT