612484-55-6Relevant articles and documents
Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Bromotryptophan Derivatives at Ambient Temperature
Dachwitz, Steffen,Duwe, Dario H.,Wang, Yating Hong,Gru?, Hendrik,Hannappel, Yvonne,Hellweg, Thomas,Sewald, Norbert
, p. 16357 - 16364 (2020)
Mild reaction conditions are highly desirable for bio-orthogonal side chain derivatizations of amino acids, peptides or proteins due to the sensitivity of these substrates. Transition metal catalysed cross-couplings such as Suzuki–Miyaura reactions are highly versatile, but usually require unfavourable reaction conditions, in particular, when applied with aryl bromides. Ligand-free solvent-stabilised Pd-nanoparticles represent an efficient and sustainable alternative to conventional phosphine-based catalysts, because the cross-coupling can be performed at considerably lower temperature. We report on the application of such a highly reactive heterogeneous catalyst for the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling of brominated tryptophan derivatives. The solvent-stabilised Pd-nanoparticles are even more efficient than the literature-known ADHP-Pd precatalyst. Interestingly, the latter also leads to the formation of quasi-homogeneous Pd-nanoparticles as the catalytic species. One advantage of our approach is the compatibility with aqueous and aerobic conditions at near-ambient temperatures and short reaction times of only 2 h. The influence of different Nα-protecting groups, boronic acids as well as the impact of different amino acid side chains in bromotryptophan-containing peptides has been studied. Notably, a surprising acceleration of the catalysis was observed when palladium-coordinating side chains were present in proximal positions.
Mild, Aqueous α-Arylation of Ketones: Towards New Diversification Tools for Halogenated Metabolites and Drug Molecules
Marelli, Enrico,Renault, Yohann,Sharma, Sunil V.,Nolan, Steven P.,Goss, Rebecca J. M.
, p. 3832 - 3836 (2017/03/27)
The palladium-catalysed aqueous α-arylation of ketones was developed and tested for a large variety of reaction partners. These mild conditions enabled the coupling of aryl/alkyl-ketones with N-protected halotryptophans, heterocyclic haloarenes, and challenging base-sensitive compounds. The synthetic potential of this new methodology for the diversification of complex bioactive molecules was exemplified by derivatising prochlorperazine. The methodology is mild, aqueous and flexible, representing a means of functionalizing a wide range of halo-aromatics and therefore has the potential to be extended to complex molecule diversification.
Synthesis of a TMC-95A Ketomethylene Analogue by Cyclization via Intramolecular Suzuki Coupling
Kaiser, Markus,Siciliano, Carlo,Assfalg-Machleidt, Irmgard,Groll, Michael,Milbradt, Alexander G.,Moroder, Luis
, p. 3435 - 3437 (2007/10/03)
(Equation presented) A TMC-95A analogue extended at the C-terminus with NleΨ[COCH2]Gly-Ala-Ala-NH2 was synthesized via side-chain cyclization of the linear precursor by a Suzuki cross-coupling reaction in solution to analyze the effe