7389-38-0Relevant articles and documents
Evolution Process and Controlled Synthesis of Humins with 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) as Model Molecule
Shen, Haiyan,Shan, Haozhe,Liu, Li
, p. 513 - 519 (2019/12/24)
Elucidation of the chemical structure and formation mechanism of humins is a requisite to further improve the efficiency of acid-catalyzed biomass conversion. Through a low-temperature approach, the key intermediates resulting in the formation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)-derived humins were captured, revealing multiple elementary reactions such as etherification, esterification, aldol condensation, and acetalization. Through humin characterization, it was found out that the aldol condensation moiety between aldehyde group and levulinic acid is critical to justify the characteristic IR peaks (1620 and 1710 cm?1) and aromatic fragments from pyrolysis GC–MS. Based on the investigations by means of HPLC–MS/MS, IR, pyrolysis GC–MS, and SEM, the structural models of humins at different temperatures were proposed, which are comprised of the elementary reaction types confirmed by the key intermediates. Humin structures with varying content of aldol condensation could be controllably synthesized under different reaction conditions (temperature and time), demonstrating the evolution process of HMF-derived humins.
A two-step efficient preparation of a renewable dicarboxylic acid monomer 5,5′-[oxybis(methylene)]bis[2-furancarboxylic acid] from D-fructose and its application in polyester synthesis
Amarasekara, Ananda S.,H Nguyen, Loc,Okorie, Nnaemeka C.,M Jamal, Saad
, p. 1570 - 1575 (2017/05/10)
D-Fructose was converted to the dialdehyde 5,5′-[oxybis(methylene)]bis[2-furaldehyde] by heating at 110°C in DMSO with the Dowex 50 W X8 solid acid catalyst in 76% yield without the isolation of the intermediate 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. This dialdehyde was then converted to the dicarboxylic acid monomer, 5,5′-[oxybis(methylene)]bis[2-furancarboxylic acid], using oxygen (1 atm.) and 5% Pt/C catalyst in 1.5 M aqueous NaOH at room temperature in 98% yield. The new dicarboxylic acid monomer can be considered as a renewable resource based alternative to terephthalic acid as demonstrated by the preparation of polyesters with 1,2-ethanediol and 1,4-butanediol in 87-92% yield.
Selective oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-Diformylfuran by polymer-supported IBX amide
Yoon, Hyo-Jin,Choi, Jung-Woo,Jang, Hyung-Seok,Cho, Jin Ku,Byun, Jang-Woong,Chung, Woo-Jae,Lee, Sang-Myung,Lee, Yoon-Sik
experimental part, p. 165 - 168 (2011/03/20)
5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) was selectively converted to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) under mild conditions by polymer-supported IBX amide reagent, thus providing a new platform for the production of highly valuable chemicals from biomass. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart New York.