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78-94-4Relevant articles and documents
Reactivity of Ionic Liquids: Reductive Effect of [C4C1im]BF4 to Form Particles of Red Amorphous Selenium and Bi2Se3 from Oxide Precursors
Knorr, Monika,Schmidt, Peer
, p. 125 - 140 (2020/12/17)
Temperature-induced change in reactivity of the frequently used ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4C1im]BF4) is presented as a prerequisite for the rational screening of reaction courses in material synthesis. [C4C1im]BF4 becomes active with oxidic precursor compounds in reduction reaction at ?≥200 °C, even without the addition of an external reducing agent. The reaction mechanism of forming red amorphous selenium from SeO2 is investigated as a model system and can be described similarly to the Riley oxidation. The reactive species but-1-ene, which is formed during the decomposition of [C4C1im]BF4, reacts with SeO2 and form but-3-en-2-one, water, and selenium. Elucidation of the mechanism was achieved by thermoanalytical investigations. The monotropic phase transition of selenium was analyzed by the differential scanning calorimetry. Beyond, the suitability of the single source oxide precursor Bi2Se3O9 for the synthesis of Bi2Se3 particles was confirmed. Identification, characterization of formed solids succeeded by using light microscopy, XRD, SEM, and EDX.
Iridium-Catalyzed Hydrochlorination and Hydrobromination of Alkynes by Shuttle Catalysis
Yu, Peng,Bismuto, Alessandro,Morandi, Bill
supporting information, p. 2904 - 2910 (2020/01/25)
Described herein are two different methods for the synthesis of vinyl halides by a shuttle catalysis based iridium-catalyzed transfer hydrohalogenation of unactivated alkynes. The use of 4-chlorobutan-2-one or tert-butyl halide as donors of hydrogen halides allows this transformation in the absence of corrosive reagents, such as hydrogen halides or acid chlorides, thus largely improving the functional-group tolerance and safety profile of these reactions compared to the state-of-the-art. This method has granted access to alkenyl halide compounds containing acid-sensitive groups, such as tertiary alcohols, silyl ethers, and acetals. The synthetic value of those methodologies has been demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis where low catalyst loading was achieved.
TBN-Catalyzed Dehydrative N-Alkylation of Anilines with 4-Hydroxybutan-2-one
Cheng, Wenchen,Deng, Shue,Jiang, Liya,Ren, Lanhui,Wang, Zicheng,Zhang, Jian,Song, Weiguo
, p. 7372 - 7377 (2019/11/28)
Until now, the substitution of alcohols by N-nucleophiles via TBN-catalyzed dehydrogenation was not known. Herein, we reported a TBN catalyzed dehydrative N-alkylation of anilines with 4-hydroxybutan-2-one in the presence of TEMPO, which was different from the TEMPO/TBN catalyzed oxidation reactions. A range of anilines reacted successfully with 4-hydroxybutan-2-one to generate the N-monoalkylation products in good yields. Mechanistic studies revealed that this reaction most possibly proceeded through aza-Michael addition. Water was the only by-product, making it more environmentally friendly. The gram-scale reactions verified the synthetic practicality of this protocol.