5327-44-6Relevant articles and documents
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Izzo
, p. 2026 (1959)
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Urea-linked, iodinated bis phenyl compounds for X-ray contrast media
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, (2008/06/13)
The invention provides iodinated bis phenyl compounds, useful as X-ray contrast agents, of formula I STR1 (wherein each C6 R5 moeity may be the same or different; each R denotes a hydrogen or iodine atom or a group M, two or three non-adjacent R groups on each C6 R5 moiety denoting iodine atoms and one, two or three R groups on each C6 R5 moiety denoting M groups; X denotes a group providing a 1, 2 or 3 atom chain linking the two C6 R5 groups, preferably where X is or contains in the bridging chain a carbonyloxy group each C6 R5 group being a triodophenyl group or a group in which each R is other than hydrogen; and each M is independently a non-ionic hydrophilic moiety, M preferably being a non-ionic hydrophilic moiety comprising a monohydroxy- or polyhydroxy-alkyl group) and isomers, especially stereoisomers and rotamers, thereof.
Substituent Effects on the Decarboxylation of Dinitrobenzoate Ions, Representative Aromatic SE1 Reactions
Segura, Pascual,Bunnett, Joseph F.,Villanova, Laura
, p. 1041 - 1045 (2007/10/02)
Kinetics of decarboxylation, in water solution, of several 4-substituted 2,6-dinitrobenzoic and 2-substituted 4,6-dinitrobenzoic acids were determined, at several temperatures.The reactions are first order at the low concentrations employed, at which the acids are fully dissociated.Decarboxylation is accelerated by electron-attracting substituents; the Hammett ρ for the effects of 4-substituents is about +2.6.All the decarboxylations involve large positive enthalpies and entropies of activation.The solvent kinetic isotope effect (D2O/H2O) is not significantly different from unity.The data support a mechanism where in the substituted benzoate ion loses CO2 in the rate-determining step, forming a substituted aryl anion, which is then rapidly hydronated by the solvent.In the case of 2-methoxy-4,6-dinitrobenzoate ion, reaction occured with strikingly different activation parameters.