71297-97-7Relevant articles and documents
Zr(OH)4-Catalyzed Controllable Selective Oxidation of Anilines to Azoxybenzenes, Azobenzenes and Nitrosobenzenes
Long, Yu,Luo, Nan,Ma, Jiantai,Qin, Jiaheng,Sun, Fangkun,Wang, Wei David,Zhou, Pan-Pan
supporting information, (2021/12/09)
The selective oxidation of aniline to metastable and valuable azoxybenzene, azobenzene or nitrosobenzene has important practical significance in organic synthesis. However, uncontrollable selectivity and laborious synthesis of the expensive required catalysts severely hinders the uptake of these reactions in industrial settings. Herein, we have pioneered the discovery of Zr(OH)4 as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst capable of the selective oxidation of aniline, using either peroxide or O2 as oxidant, to selectively obtain various azoxybenzenes, symmetric/unsymmetric azobenzenes, as well as nitrosobenzenes, by simply regulating the reaction solvent, without the need for additives. Mechanistic experiments and DFT calculations demonstrate that the activation of H2O2 and O2 is primarily achieved by the bridging hydroxyl and terminal hydroxyl groups of Zr(OH)4, respectively. The present work provides an economical and environmentally friendly strategy for the selective oxidation of aniline in industrial applications.
Selective Oxidation of Anilines to Azobenzenes and Azoxybenzenes by a Molecular Mo Oxide Catalyst
Han, Sheng,Cheng, Ying,Liu, Shanshan,Tao, Chaofu,Wang, Aiping,Wei, Wanguo,Yu, Han,Wei, Yongge
supporting information, p. 6382 - 6385 (2021/02/09)
Aromatic azo compounds, which play an important role in pharmaceutical and industrial applications, still face great challenges in synthesis. Herein, we report a molybdenum oxide compound, [N(C4H9)4]2[Mo6O19] (1), catalyzed selective oxidation of anilines with hydrogen peroxide as green oxidant. The oxidation of anilines can be realized in a fully selectively fashion to afford various symmetric/asymmetric azobenzene and azoxybenzene compounds, respectively, by changing additive and solvent, avoiding the use of stoichiometric metal oxidants. Preliminary mechanistic investigations suggest the intermediacy of highly active reactive and elusive Mo imido complexes.
Green and highly efficient approach for the reductive coupling of nitroarenes to azoxyarenes using the new mesoporous Fe3O4@SiO2@Co–Zr–Sb catalyst
Zeynizadeh, Behzad,Gilanizadeh, Masumeh
, p. 2969 - 2984 (2020/04/10)
Efficient, green, simple and environmentally friendly approach for the straightforward reductive coupling of nitroarenes to the corresponding azoxyarenes has been developed in the presence of Fe3O4@SiO2@Co–Zr–Sb as a novel recyclable nanocatalyst. The Co–Zr–Sb trimetallic nanoparticles immobilized on silica-layered magnetite have been prepared by the co-precipitation method. The mesoporous catalyst has been characterized by FT-IR, SEM, EDX, VSM, TEM and XRD analyses. The chemoselective hydrogenation of nitrobenzenes was carried out successfully in refluxing water to afford the corresponding azoxybenzenes within 2–10?min in good to high yields. The reusability of the heterogeneous nanocatalyst has also been studied using the FT-IR and SEM analyses. The catalyst was utilized four times in sequential runs without significant loss of activity. The current research includes remarkable advantages of short reaction times, absence of hazardous organic solvents, mild reaction conditions, high yields, using water as a green solvent and the ability to utilize the recyclable nanomagnetic catalyst.
