234449-90-2Relevant articles and documents
Zirconium Oxide-Catalyzed Direct Amidation of Unactivated Esters under Continuous-Flow Conditions
Rashed, Md. Nurnobi,Masuda, Koichiro,Ichitsuka, Tomohiro,Koumura, Nagatoshi,Sato, Kazuhiko,Kobayashi, Shū
, p. 2529 - 2535 (2021/02/01)
A sustainable and environmentally benign direct amidation reaction of unactivated esters with amines has been developed in a continuous-flow system. A commercially available amorphous zirconium oxide was found to be an efficient catalyst for this reaction. While the typical amidation of esters with amines requires a stoichiometric amount of a promoter or metal activator, the present continuous-flow method enabled the direct amidation reaction under additive-free conditions with an extensive diversity towards various functional groups. High yields of the products were obtained with a nearly equimolar proportion of starting materials to reduce byproduct formation, which renders this process applicable for use in a sequential-flow system. (Figure presented.).
Direct amide synthesis from equimolar amounts of carboxylic acid and amine catalyzed by mesoporous silica SBA-15
Tamura, Mizuki,Murase, Daisuke,Komura, Kenichi
supporting information, p. 769 - 776 (2015/03/14)
Direct amide synthesis from equimolar amounts of carboxylic acid and amine using mesoporous silica as a versatile heterogeneous catalyst is reported.
