321-98-2

Basic information

• Product Name: (+)EPHEDRINE HEMIHYDRATE
• Synonyms: (+)-(1s,2r)-ephedrine;(1s,2r)-(+)-ephedrine;(1s,2r)-ephedrine;alpha-(1-(methylamino)ethyl)-,(s-(r*,s*))-benzenemethano;alpha-[1-(methylamino)ethyl]-,[s-(theta,s)]-benzenemethano;d-ephedrine;(1S,2R)-(+)-ephedrine, anhydre;2-alpha-(1-methylaminoethyl)benzylic alcohol
• CAS NO: 321-98-2
• Molecular Formula: C₁₀H₁₅NO
• Molecular Weight: 165.2322
• EINECS: 206-293-3
• Mol File: 321-98-2.mol
• Article Data: 22

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 40°C
• Boiling Point: 293.09°C (rough estimate)
• Flash Point: 85.6°C
• Appearance: /
• Density: 1.0203 (rough estimate)
• Vapor Pressure: 0.00865mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: 1.4820 (estimate)
• PKA: 10.139(at 10℃)
• CAS DataBase Reference: (+)EPHEDRINE HEMIHYDRATE(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: (+)EPHEDRINE HEMIHYDRATE(321-98-2)
• EPA Substance Registry System: (+)EPHEDRINE HEMIHYDRATE(321-98-2)

Safety Data

• Hazardous Substances Data: 321-98-2(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

(+)EPHEDRINE HEMIHYDRATE is a sympathomimetic drug with a mixed mechanism of action, acting on both αand β-receptors. It is the racemic form of (1R,2S)-D-(-)-ephedrine, which exhibits similar pharmacological activity to ephedrine. Its ability to activate β-receptors has been attributed to its previous use in treating asthma.
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
(+)EPHEDRINE HEMIHYDRATE is used as a bronchodilator for the treatment of asthma and other respiratory conditions. Its action on β-receptors helps to relax the smooth muscles in the airways, improving airflow and reducing symptoms of respiratory distress.
Used in Weight Loss Supplements:
(+)EPHEDRINE HEMIHYDRATE is used as a stimulant in weight loss supplements to increase metabolism and energy expenditure. Its action on the central nervous system helps to suppress appetite and promote thermogenesis, contributing to weight loss.
Used in Nasal Decongestant:
(+)EPHEDRINE HEMIHYDRATE is used as a nasal decongestant to relieve nasal congestion and stuffiness. Its action on α-receptors helps to constrict blood vessels in the nasal passages, reducing swelling and improving breathing.
Used in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Treatment:
(+)EPHEDRINE HEMIHYDRATE is used as a stimulant in the treatment of ADHD to improve focus, attention, and impulse control. Its action on the central nervous system helps to increase dopamine levels, enhancing cognitive function and reducing hyperactivity.
Used in Myasthenia Gravis Treatment:
(+)EPHEDRINE HEMIHYDRATE is used as a treatment for myasthenia gravis, a neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue. Its action on the neuromuscular junction helps to improve muscle strength and reduce symptoms of the condition.

InChI:InChI=1/C10H15NO/c1-8(11-2)10(12)9-6-4-3-5-7-9/h3-8,10-12H,1-2H3/t8-,10-/m1/s1

Upstream product

• 321-97-1 (1R,2R)-pseudoephedrine 
• 90-81-3 ephedrine 
• 74-89-5 methylamine 
• 4518-66-5 (1S,2S)-(-)-1-phenyl-1-propene oxide 
• 112532-00-0 (1S,2R)-(-)-ephedrinium (S)-(+)-mandelate 
• 93982-06-0 (1S,2R)-(+)-ephedrinium (R)-(-)-mandelate 
• 71-43-2 benzene 
• 107-10-8 propylamine 
• 2799-16-8 (2R)-hydroxypropylamine 
• 77943-39-6 4-methyl-5-phenyloxazolidin-2-one 
• 5650-44-2 methcathinone 
• 93-55-0 1-phenyl-propan-1-one 
• 90-63-1 (RS)-1-hydroxy-1-phenylpropan-2-one 
• 299-42-3 ephedrine 

Downstream Products

• 101288-61-3 (+/-)-3,4r-dimethyl-5t-phenyl-2ξ-[2]pyridyl-oxazolidine 
• 6317-31-3 trans-3,4-dimethyl-5-phenyloxazolidin-2-one 
• 90-86-8 D-erythro-2-(methyl-trans-cinnamyl-amino)-1-phenyl-propanol-⁽¹⁾ 
• 87040-40-2 (+/-)-N-methylpseudoephedrine 
• 1668-82-2 (+/-)-3,4r-dimethyl-5t-phenyl-oxazolidine 
• 113750-46-2 (+/-)-3,4r-dimethyl-2ξ-octyl-5t-phenyl-oxazolidine 
• 2007-94-5 3,4r-dimethyl-5t-phenyl-oxazolidin-2-ylideneamine 
• 321-97-1 (1R,2R)-pseudoephedrine 
• 90-82-4 pseudoephedrine 
• 101778-30-7 (+/-)-2ξ-heptyl-3,4r-dimethyl-5t-phenyl-oxazolidine 
• 91049-48-8 (4R,5S)-3,4-dimethyl-5-phenyloxazolidin-2-one 
• 90-81-3 ephedrine 
• 42511-08-0 (1S,2R)-1-cyclohexyl-2-methylamino-propan-1-ol 
• 42510-95-2 N-((1RS,2RS)-2-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-phenyl-ethyl)-N-methyl-urea 

Relevant articles and documents

Evaluation of the Edman degradation product of vancomycin bonded to core-shell particles as a new HPLC chiral stationary phase

A modified macrocyclic glycopeptide-based chiral stationary phase (CSP), prepared via Edman degradation of vancomycin, was evaluated as a chiral selector for the first time. Its applicability was compared with other macrocyclic glycopeptide-based CSPs: TeicoShell and VancoShell. In addition, another modified macrocyclic glycopeptide-based CSP, NicoShell, was further examined. Initial evaluation was focused on the complementary behavior with these glycopeptides. A screening procedure was used based on previous work for the enantiomeric separation of 50 chiral compounds including amino acids, pesticides, stimulants, and a variety of pharmaceuticals. Fast and efficient chiral separations resulted by using superficially porous (core-shell) particle supports. Overall, the vancomycin Edman degradation product (EDP) resembled TeicoShell with high enantioselectivity for acidic compounds in the polar ionic mode. The simultaneous enantiomeric separation of 5 racemic profens using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with EDP was performed in approximately 3?minutes. Other highlights include simultaneous liquid chromatography separations of rac-amphetamine and rac-methamphetamine with VancoShell, rac-pseudoephedrine and rac-ephedrine with NicoShell, and rac-dichlorprop and rac-haloxyfop with TeicoShell.

Peptide Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enantioselective Separation of Chiral Drugs

We report the use of a chiral Cu(II) 3D metal-organic framework (MOF) based on the tripeptide Gly-l-His-Gly (GHG) for the enantioselective separation of metamphetamine and ephedrine. Monte Carlo simulations suggest that chiral recognition is linked to preferential binding of one of the enantiomers as a result of either stronger or additional H-bonds with the framework that lead to energetically more stable diastereomeric adducts. Solid-phase extraction of a racemic mixture by using Cu(GHG) as the extractive phase permits isolating >50% of the (+)-ephedrine enantiomer as target compound in only 4 min. To our knowledge, this represents the first example of a MOF capable of separating chiral polar drugs.

Synthesis of three novel fluorine-18 labeled analogues of l -deprenyl for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) studies of Monoamine Oxidase B (MAO-B)

The aim in this project was to synthesize and to study fluorine-18 labeled analogues of l-deprenyl which bind selectively to the enzyme monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). Three fluorinated l-deprenyl analogues have been generated in multistep organic syntheses. The most promising fluorine-18 compound N-[(2S)-1-[18F]fluoro-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]-N-methylprop-2-yn-1-amine (4c) was synthesized by a one-step fluorine-18 nucleophilic substitution reaction. Autoradiography on human brain tissue sections demonstrated specific binding for compound 4c to brain regions known to have a high content of MAO-B. In addition, the corresponding nonradioactive fluorine-19 compound (13) inhibited recombinant human MAO-B with an IC50 of 170.5 ±29 nM but did not inhibit recombinant human MAO-A (IC50 > 2000 nM), demonstrating its specificity. Biodistribution of 4c in mice showed high initial brain uptake leveling at 5.2 ±0.04%ID/g after 2 min post injection. In conclusion, compound 4c is a specific inhibitor of MAO-B with high initial brain uptake in mice and is, therefore, a candidate for further investigation in PET.