50-01-1Relevant articles and documents
Products of the Reductions of 2-Nitroimidazoles
Clelland, Robert A. Mc,Panicucci, Rick,Rauth, A. Michael
, p. 4308 - 4314 (1987)
Reductions under neutral conditions of misonidazole (1-(2'-hydroxy-3'-methoxypropyl)-2-nitroimidazole) and 1-methyl-2-nitroimidazole have been studied with radiation chemical, electrochemical, and chemical (zinc/ammonium chloride) techniques.Major products accounting for 70-80percent of the reduction mixture have been identified as the cis:trans isomers of 4 (1-substituted 2-amino-4,5-dihydro-4,5-dihydroxyimidazolium ions).These have been independently synthesized by the reaction of glyoxal and the appropriate guanidinium ion.Their presence after nitroreduction has been established by 1H NMR and by spectroscopic analysis in which 4 is converted into glyoxal bis-oxime.The ability of misonidazole reduction mixtures to form glyoxal derivatives has been noted previously, even in vivo; the presence of the cyclic 4 accounts for this.The four-electron-reduced product, a 2-(hydroxylamino)imidazole, is the precursor of 4.The hydroxylamine is unstable at pH 7, but it can be observed in acid where decomposition also gives 4 but in a much slower reaction.Nitroreduction or hydroxylamine decomposition in pH 7 phosphate gives two additional products which have been identified on the basis of their 1H NMR spectra as cis:trans isomers of monophosphate esters of 4.The reaction leading to these may model the DNA binding which is observed with reduced misonidazole.Azomycin (2-nitroimidazole) has been investigated by the radiation chemical technique.At pH 7 the isomers of 4 are formed, but they are minor products.The major product (70percent) is 2-aminoimidazole.
Guanidinium Trinitromethanide
Krishnan, Ashwin M.,Sjoberg, Per,Politzer, Peter,Boyer, Joseph H.
, p. 1237 - 1242 (1989)
Guanidinium trinitromethanide monohydrate has been obtained from quanidinium chloride and either potassium trinitromethanide or iodotrinitromethane.An ab initio SCF-MO computational procedure (GAUSSIAN82) has been used to determine the optimized structures of guanidinium trinitromethanide and tricyanomethanide, the quanidinium cation, the trinitromethanide, tricyanomethanide, and cyanodinitromethanide anions.Electrostatic potentials have also been computed for the first two anions, as well as for the methanide anion.
Method of detecting at least one mechanism of resistance to carbapenems by mass spectrometry
-
, (2018/02/28)
The present invention pertains to a method of detection, by mass spectrometry, of at least one marker of at least one mechanism of resistance to at least one antimicrobial, resistance of at least one microorganism contained in a sample, characterized in that the antimicrobial is a carbapenem, and said resistance markers are proteins or peptides. Preferably, said proteins or peptides are proteins from said microorganism.
Homogeneous humanized antibodies against JAM-A that inhibit proliferation
-
, (2012/06/01)
The present invention relates to humanized antibodies able to inhibit tumor growth, as well as the amino and nucleic acid sequences coding for such antibodies. From one aspect, the invention relates to anti-JAM-A homogeneous humanized antibodies able to inhibit tumor growth. The invention also comprises the use of such antibodies as a drug for the preventive and/or therapeutic treatment of cancers, as well as compositions comprising such antibodies in combination with other anticancer compounds. The invention also relates to a method for the preparation of such humanized antibodies.
