58193-48-9Relevant articles and documents
Alkyne Trifunctionalization via Divergent Gold Catalysis: Combining π-Acid Activation, Vinyl-Gold Addition, and Redox Catalysis
Yuan, Teng,Tang, Qi,Shan, Chuan,Ye, Xiaohan,Wang, Jin,Zhao, Pengyi,Wojtas, Lukasz,Hadler, Nicholas,Chen, Hao,Shi, Xiaodong
supporting information, p. 4074 - 4082 (2021/04/06)
Here we report the first example of alkyne trifunctionalization through simultaneous construction of C-C, C-O, and C-N bonds via gold catalysis. With the assistance of a γ-keto directing group, sequential gold-catalyzed alkyne hydration, vinyl-gold nucleophilic addition, and gold(III) reductive elimination were achieved in one pot. Diazonium salts were identified as both electrophiles (N source) and oxidants (C source). Vinyl-gold(III) intermediates were revealed as effective nucleophiles toward diazonium, facilitating nucleophilic addition and reductive elimination with high efficiency. The rather comprehensive reaction sequence was achieved with excellent yields (up to 95%) and broad scope (>50 examples) under mild conditions (room temperature or 40 °C).
Electrochemistry Broadens the Scope of Flavin Photocatalysis: Photoelectrocatalytic Oxidation of Unactivated Alcohols
Zhang, Wen,Carpenter, Keith L.,Lin, Song
supporting information, p. 409 - 417 (2019/11/25)
Riboflavin-derived photocatalysts have been extensively studied in the context of alcohol oxidation. However, to date, the scope of this catalytic methodology has been limited to benzyl alcohols. In this work, mechanistic understanding of flavin-catalyzed oxidation reactions, in either the absence or presence of thiourea as a cocatalyst, was obtained. The mechanistic insights enabled development of an electrochemically driven photochemical oxidation of primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols using a pair of flavin and dialkylthiourea catalysts. Electrochemistry makes it possible to avoid using O2 and an oxidant and generating H2O2 as a byproduct, both of which oxidatively degrade thiourea under the reaction conditions. This modification unlocks a new mechanistic pathway in which the oxidation of unactivated alcohols is achieved by thiyl radical mediated hydrogen-atom abstraction.
Copper-catalyzed aerobic C-C bond cleavage of lactols with N-hydroxy phthalimide for synthesis of lactones
Tnay, Ya Lin,Chiba, Shunsuke
supporting information, p. 873 - 877 (2015/04/14)
The transformation of cyclic hemiacetals (lactols) into lactones has been achieved by Cu-catalyzed aerobic C-C bond cleavage in the presence of N-hydroxy phthalimide (NHPI). The present process is composed of a multistep sequence including a) formation of exo-cyclic enol ethers by dehydration; b) addition of phthalimide N-oxyl radical to the enol ethers followed by trapping of the resulting C-radicals with molecular oxygen to form peroxy radicals; c) reductive generation of oxy radicals and subsequent β-radical fragmentation to generate lactones.