84750-94-7Relevant articles and documents
Acid-Catalyzed Hydrothiolation of gem-Difluorostyrenes to Access α,α-Difluoroalkylthioethers
Sorrentino, Jacob P.,Orsi, Douglas L.,Altman, Ryan A.
, p. 2297 - 2311 (2021/02/06)
The substitution of hydrogen atoms with fluorine in bioactive molecules can greatly impact physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties. However, current synthetic methods cannot readily access many fluorinated motifs, which impedes utilization of these groups. Thus, the development of new methods to introduce fluorinated functional groups is critical for developing the next generation of biological probes and therapeutic agents. The synthesis of one such substructure, the α,α-difluoroalkylthioether, typically requires specialized conditions that necessitate early-stage installation. A late-stage and convergent approach to access α,α-difluoroalkylthioethers could involve nucleophilic addition of thiols across gem-difluorostyrenes. Unfortunately, under basic conditions, nucleophilic addition to gem-difluorostyrenes generates an anionic intermediate that can undergo facile elimination of fluoride to generate α-fluorovinylthioethers. To overcome this decomposition, we herein exploit an acid-based catalyst system to facilitate simultaneous nucleophilic addition and protonation of the unstable intermediate. Ultimately, the optimized mild conditions afford the desired α,α-difluoroalkylthioethers in high selectivity and moderate to excellent yields. These α,α-difluoroalkylthioethers are less nucleophilic and more oxidatively stable relative to nonfluorinated thioethers, suggesting the potential application of this unexplored functional group in biological probes and therapeutic agents.
Design and Synthesis of TY-Phos and Application in Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Fluoroarylation of gem-Difluoroalkenes
Li, Zhiming,Lin, Tao-Yan,Liu, Yu,Pan, Zhangjin,Tu, Youshao,Wu, Hai-Hong,Zhang, Junliang,Zhu, Shuai
supporting information, p. 22957 - 22962 (2020/10/19)
The first example of highly enantioselective fluoroarylation of gem-difluoroalkenes with aryl halides is presented by using a new chiral sulfinamide phosphine (Sadphos) type ligand TY-Phos. N-Me-TY-Phos can be easily synthesized on a gram scale from readily available starting materials in three steps. Salient features of this work including readily available starting materials, good yields, high enantioselectivities as well as broad substrate scope make this approach very practical and attractive. Notably, the asymmetric synthesis of an analogue of a biologically active molecule is also reported.
Photoredox-Coupled F-Nucleophilic Addition: Allylation of gem-Difluoroalkenes
Liu, Haidong,Ge, Liang,Wang, Ding-Xing,Chen, Nan,Feng, Chao
supporting information, p. 3918 - 3922 (2019/02/19)
A novel strategy for the expedient construction of CF3-embeded tertiary/quarternary carbon centers was developed by taking advantage of photoredox catalysis. Thanks to a key step of single-electron oxidation, electron-rich gem-difluoroalkenes, which otherwise are essentially reluctant towards F-nucleoplilic addition, now readily participate in this fluoroallylation reaction. Furthermore, this strategy provides an elegant example for the generation, as well as functionalization, of α-CF3-substituted benzylic radical intermediates using cheap and readily available starting materials.
