95713-52-3Relevant articles and documents
A Water-Soluble Iridium Photocatalyst for Chemical Modification of Dehydroalanines in Peptides and Proteins
van Lier, Roos C. W.,de Bruijn, A. Dowine,Roelfes, Gerard
supporting information, p. 1430 - 1437 (2020/12/11)
Dehydroalanine (Dha) residues are attractive noncanonical amino acids that occur naturally in ribosomally synthesised and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). Dha residues are attractive targets for selective late-stage modification of these complex biomolecules. In this work, we show the selective photocatalytic modification of dehydroalanine residues in the antimicrobial peptide nisin and in the proteins small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) and superfolder green fluorescent protein (sfGFP). For this purpose, a new water-soluble iridium(III) photoredox catalyst was used. The design and synthesis of this new photocatalyst, [Ir(dF(CF3)ppy)2(dNMe3bpy)]Cl3, is presented. In contrast to commonly used iridium photocatalysts, this complex is highly water soluble and allows peptides and proteins to be modified in water and aqueous solvents under physiologically relevant conditions, with short reaction times and with low reagent and catalyst loadings. This work suggests that photoredox catalysis using this newly designed catalyst is a promising strategy to modify dehydroalanine-containing natural products and thus could have great potential for novel bioconjugation strategies.
Catalytic Modification of Dehydroalanine in Peptides and Proteins by Palladium-Mediated Cross-Coupling
de Bruijn, A. Dowine,Roelfes, Gerard
supporting information, p. 12728 - 12733 (2018/08/06)
Dehydroalanine (Dha) is a remarkably versatile non-canonical amino acid often found in antimicrobial peptides. Herein, we present the catalytic modification of Dha by a palladium-mediated cross-coupling reaction. By using Pd(EDTA)(OAc)2 as water-soluble catalyst, a variety of arylboronic acids was coupled to the dehydrated residues in proteins and peptides, such as Nisin. The cross-coupling reaction gave both the Heck product, in which the sp2-hybridisation of the α-carbon is retained, as well as the conjugated addition product. The reaction can be performed under mild aqueous conditions, which makes this method an attractive addition to the palette of bio-orthogonal catalytic methods.
B(OCH2CF3)3-mediated direct amidation of pharmaceutically relevant building blocks in cyclopentyl methyl ether
Karaluka, Valerija,Lanigan, Rachel M.,Murray, Paul M.,Badland, Matthew,Sheppard, Tom D.
supporting information, p. 10888 - 10894 (2015/11/17)
The use of B(OCH2CF3)3 for mediating direct amidation reactions of a wide range of pharmaceutically relevant carboxylic acids and amines is described, including numerous heterocycle-containing examples. An initial screen of solvents for the direct amidation reaction suggested that cyclopentyl methyl ether, a solvent with a very good safety profile suitable for use over a wide temperature range, was an excellent replacement for the previously used solvent acetonitrile. Under these conditions amides could be prepared from 18 of the 21 carboxylic acids and 18 of the 21 amines examined. Further optimisation of one of the low yielding amidation reactions (36% yield) via a design of experiments approach enabled an 84% yield of the amide to be obtained.
